Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24487781›Full record

ArticleMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2014

Evaluation of the Trail Making Test and interval timing as measures of cognition in healthy adults: comparisons by age, education, and gender.

Włodzimierz Płotek, Wojciech Łyskawa, Anna Kluzik, Małgorzata Grześkowiak, Roland Podlewski, Zbigniew Żaba, Leon Drobnik

Open access · hybridAbstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Functional status of thyroid and cognitive functions after menopause.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2015
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Włodzimierz PłotekDepartment of Teaching Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Wojciech ŁyskawaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical Center in Pleszewo, Pleszew, Poland.
Anna KluzikDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Pain Treatment, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Małgorzata GrześkowiakDepartment of Teaching Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Roland PodlewskiDepartment of Teaching Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Zbigniew ŻabaDepartment of Teaching Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Leon DrobnikDepartment of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Pain Treatment, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Poznan University of Medical Sciences · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman cognitive functioning can be assessed using different methods of testing. Age, level of education, and gender may influence the results of cognitive tests. MATERIAL AND

methodsThe well-known Trail Making Test (TMT), which is often used to measure the frontal lobe function, and the experimental test of Interval Timing (IT) were compared. The methods used in IT included reproduction of auditory and visual stimuli, with the subsequent production of the time intervals of 1-, 2-, 5-, and 7-seconds durations with no pattern. Subjects included 64 healthy adult volunteers aged 18-63 (33 women, 31 men). Comparisons were made based on age, education, and gender.

resultsTMT was performed quickly and was influenced by age, education, and gender. All reproduced visual and produced intervals were shortened and the reproduction of auditory stimuli was more complex. Age, education, and gender have more pronounced impact on the cognitive test than on the interval timing test. The reproduction of the short auditory stimuli was more accurate in comparison to other modalities used in the IT test.

conclusionsThe interval timing, when compared to the TMT, offers an interesting possibility of testing. Further studies are necessary to confirm the initial observation.

Indexed as

AdultAge FactorsAnalysis of VarianceCognitionEducational StatusFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSex FactorsStatistics, NonparametricTime FactorsTime PerceptionTrail Making Test

Identifiers

PMID24487781
PMCPMC3930681
OpenAlexW2081300779

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.