ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2014
In-feed use of heavy metal micronutrients in U.S. swine production systems and its role in persistence of multidrug-resistant salmonellae.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Emerging insights into the impacts of heavy metals exposure on health, reproductive and productive performance of livestock.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
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- Disinfectants and antiseptics: mechanisms of action and resistance.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Modelling the impact of wastewater flows and management practices on antimicrobial resistance in dairy farms.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2024Article
- A Critical Review of AMR Risks Arising as a Consequence of Using Biocides and Certain Metals in Food Animal Production.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Genome-Wide Analysis ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Predicting antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens using time series analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Effect of high-copper diet on transference ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on the Dissemination of ARGs in the Environment-A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Plastisphere community assemblage of aquatic environment: plastic-microbe interaction, role in degradation and characterization technologies.Environmental microbiome · 2022Review
- Trace metals and animal health: Interplay of the gut microbiota with iron, manganese, zinc, and copper.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2021Review
- Clinically RelevantMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Heavy Metal Resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Population structure, case clusters, and genetic lesions associated with Canadian Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- isolates.PloS one · 2021Article
- Techniques Used for Analyzing Microplastics, Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Community Composition: A Mini-Review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Interactions Between Microplastics and Heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments: A Review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The study aimed to characterize the role of heavy metal micronutrients in swine feed in emergence of heavy-metal-tolerant and multidrug-resistant Salmonella organisms. We conducted a longitudinal study in 36 swine barns over a 2-year period. The feed and fecal levels of Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) were measured. Salmonella was isolated at early and late finishing. MICs of copper sulfate and zinc chloride were measured using agar dilution. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using the Kirby-Bauer method, and 283 isolates were serotyped. We amplified pcoA and czcD genes that encode Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) tolerance, respectively. Of the 283 isolates, 113 (48%) showed Cu(2+) tolerance at 24 mM and 164 (58%) showed Zn(2+) tolerance at 8 mM. In multivariate analysis, serotype and source of isolates were significantly associated with Cu(2+) tolerance (P < 0.001). Fecal isolates were more likely to be Cu(2+) tolerant than those of feed origin (odds ratio [OR], 27.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8 to 250; P = 0.0042) or environmental origin (OR, 5.8), implying the significance of gastrointestinal selective pressure. Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhimurium and Heidelberg, highly significant for public health, had higher odds of having >20 mM MICs of Cu(2+) than did "other" serotypes. More than 60% of Salmonella isolates with resistance type (R-type) AmStTeKm (32 of 53) carried pcoA; only 5% with R-type AmClStSuTe carried this gene. czcD gene carriage was significantly associated with a higher Zn(2+) MIC (P < 0.05). The odds of having a high Zn(2+) MIC (≥8 mM) were 14.66 times higher in isolates with R-type AmClStSuTe than in those with R-type AmStTeKm (P < 0.05). The findings demonstrate strong association between heavy metal tolerance and antimicrobial resistance, particularly among Salmonella serotypes important in public health.
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