Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24487233›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2014

Cortical activity in the null space: permitting preparation without movement.

Matthew T Kaufman, Mark M Churchland, Stephen I Ryu, Krishna V Shenoy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 461 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
461citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

461 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Population geometries in frontal cortex coordinate value-based decisions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Sharp and smooth state transitions during resting state brain dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Temporal Indexing of Motor Memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

401 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Matthew T Kaufman1] Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [3] Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.
Mark M Churchland1] Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. [2] Grossman Center for the Statistics of Mind, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. [3] David Mahoney Center for Brain and Behavior Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. [4] Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Stephen I Ryu1] Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] Department of Neurosurgery, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Krishna V Shenoy1] Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [2] Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [3] Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. [4] Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Funding

Training Program in Basic NeuroscienceT32MH020016 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Justin L Gardner, Merritt C Maduke · 1997 to 2026
$16.2M
Instrumentation, Fabrication, and Design CoreP30EY019007 · NEI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Xin Zhang · 2010 to 2026
$12.9M
Toward an Animal Model of Freely Moving HumanDP1OD006409 · OD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHENOY, KRISHNA V · 2009 to 2011
$2.5M
CRCNS: Extracting Dynamical Structure Embedded in Motor Preparatory ActivityR01NS054283 · NINDS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHENOY, KRISHNA V · 2005 to 2009
$1.7M
Toward an Animal Model of Freely Moving HumanDP1HD075623 · NICHD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI SHENOY, KRISHNA V · 2012 to 2013
$1.6M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY019007NICHD NIH HHS DP1 HD075623NIH HHS 1DP1OD006409NIH HHS DP1 OD006409NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH020016NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS054283NINDS NIH HHS R01-NS054283
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neural circuits must perform computations and then selectively output the results to other circuits. Yet synapses do not change radically at millisecond timescales. A key question then is: how is communication between neural circuits controlled? In motor control, brain areas directly involved in driving movement are active well before movement begins. Muscle activity is some readout of neural activity, yet it remains largely unchanged during preparation. Here we find that during preparation, while the monkey holds still, changes in motor cortical activity cancel out at the level of these population readouts. Motor cortex can thereby prepare the movement without prematurely causing it. Further, we found evidence that this mechanism also operates in dorsal premotor cortex, largely accounting for how preparatory activity is attenuated in primary motor cortex. Selective use of 'output-null' vs. 'output-potent' patterns of activity may thus help control communication to the muscles and between these brain areas.

Indexed as

Models, NeurologicalAnimalsComputer SimulationElectromyographyElectrophysiological PhenomenaMacaca mulattaMaleMotor CortexMovementMuscle, SkeletalNerve NetNeurons

Identifiers

PMID24487233
PMCPMC3955357

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.