ArticleJournal of innate immunity2014
A Staphylococcus aureus TIR domain protein virulence factor blocks TLR2-mediated NF-κB signaling.
Article in Journal of innate immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- EB1010, a putative Christensenellaceae-derived microbial peptide, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- TIR-domain-containing protein C as modulator of innate immune checkpoints.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immune dysfunction during S. aureus biofilm-associated implant infections: opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Review
- Evolutionarily ancient functions of enzymatic TIR proteins in innate immunity.Trends in immunology · 2025Review
- SARM1 in the pathogenesis of immune-related disease.Toxicology research · 2024Review
- Characterization of the Structural Requirements for the NADase Activity of Bacterial Toll/IL-1R domains in a Course-based Undergraduate Research Experience.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Exploring the Accessory Genome of Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Characterization ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Klebsiella pneumoniae hijacks the Toll-IL-1R protein SARM1 in a type I IFN-dependent manner to antagonize host immunity.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Human and Bacterial Toll-Interleukin Receptor Domains Exhibit Distinct Dynamic Features and Functions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Influence of Antibiotic Resistance on Innate Immune Responses toAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- AmBio · 2021Article
- Regulation of Expression of thePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Inhibitory Role of anFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Immunopathogenesis of Craniotomy Infection and Niche-Specific Immune Responses to Biofilm.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Genotyping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the United Arab Emirates.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- TLR2 and caspase-1 signaling are critical for bacterial containment but not clearance during craniotomy-associated biofilm infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Identification of surface proteins in a clinical Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolate by bacterial surface shaving.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Out-Smarting the Host: Bacteria Maneuvering the Immune Response to Favor Their Survival.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Signaling through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), crucial molecules in the induction of host defense responses, requires adaptor proteins that contain a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. The pathogen Staphylococcus aureus produces several innate immune-evasion molecules that interfere with the host's innate immune response. A database search analysis suggested the presence of a gene encoding a homologue of the human TIR domain in S. aureus MSSA476 which was named staphylococcal TIR domain protein (TirS). Ectopic expression of TirS in human embryonic kidney, macrophage and keratinocyte cell lines interfered with signaling through TLR2, including MyD88 and TIRAP, NF-κB and/or mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Moreover, the presence of TirS reduced the levels of cytokines MCP-1 and G-CSF secreted in response to S. aureus. The effects on NF-κB pathway were confirmed using S. aureus MSSA476 wild type, an isogenic mutant MSSA476ΔtirS, and complemented MSSA476ΔtirS +pTirS in a Transwell system where bacteria and host cells were physically separated. Finally, in a systematic mouse infection model, TirS promoted bacterial accumulation in several organs 4 days postinfection. The results of this study reveal a new S. aureus virulence factor that can interfere with PAMP-induced innate immune signaling in vitro and bacterial survival in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.