ArticleEvolution, medicine, and public health2013
Evidence for gene duplication in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes aegypti.
Article in Evolution, medicine, and public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insecticide susceptibility and knockdown resistance (Kdr) mutations (F1534C and V1016I) in Aedes aegypti populations from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Pyrethroid and organochlorine susceptibility in Aedes aegypti populations from eastern black sea region, Türkiye: traces in the kdr gene region of the species origin.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Knockdown-resistance (kdr) mutations in Indian Aedes aegypti populations: Lack of recombination among haplotypes bearing V1016G, F1534C, and F1534L kdr alleles.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Understanding the Global Dynamics of Pyrethroid Resistance-relatedZoological studies · 2025Article
- Genetic structure and kdr mutations in Aedes aegypti populations along a road crossing the Amazon Forest in Amapá State, Brazil.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The dynamics of deltamethrin resistance evolution in Aedes albopictus has an impact on fitness and dengue virus type-2 vectorial capacity.BMC biology · 2023Article
- Detection of sex in adults and larvae of Leptinotarsa decemlineata on principle of copy number variation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Molecular Analysis of Targeted Insecticide Resistance Gene Mutations in Field-Caught Mosquitos of Medical Importance From Saudi Arabia.Journal of medical entomology · 2021Article
- The Midgut Microbiota of ColombianInsects · 2020Article
- Kdr genotyping in Aedes aegypti from Brazil on a nation-wide scale from 2017 to 2018.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- A new knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation, F1534L, in the voltage-gated sodium channel of Aedes aegypti, co-occurring with F1534C, S989P and V1016G.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Chronology of sodium channel mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti.Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology · 2020Review
- Evaluation of resistance to pyrethroid and organophosphate adulticides and kdr genotyping in Aedes aegypti populations from Roraima, the northernmost Brazilian State.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Evolution of kdr haplotypes in worldwide populations of Aedes aegypti: Independent origins of the F1534C kdr mutation.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- High-throughput genotyping of a full voltage-gated sodium channel gene via genomic DNA using target capture sequencing and analytical pipeline MoNaS to discover novel insecticide resistance mutations.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Whole-genome sequencing reveals high complexity of copy number variation at insecticide resistance loci in malaria mosquitoes.Genome research · 2019Article
- Voltage-gated sodium channel intron polymorphism and four mutations comprise six haplotypes in an Aedes aegypti population in Taiwan.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Copy number variation (CNV) and insecticide resistance in mosquitoes: evolving knowledge or an evolving problem?Current opinion in insect science · 2018Review
- The impact of insecticide applications on the dynamics of resistance: The case of four Aedes aegypti populations from different Brazilian regions.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Insecticide Resistance and Fitness: The Case of FourBioMed research international · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesMutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (NaV), known as kdr mutations, are associated with pyrethroid and DDT insecticide resistance in a number of species. In the mosquito dengue vector Aedes aegypti, besides kdr, other polymorphisms allowed grouping AaNaV sequences as type 'A' or 'B'. Here, we point a series of evidences that these polymorphisms are actually involved in a gene duplication event. METHODOLOGY: Four series of methods were employed: (i) genotypying, with allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR), of two AaNaV sites that can harbor kdr mutations (Ile1011Met and Val1016Ile), (ii) cloning and sequencing of part of the AaNaV gene, (iii) crosses with specific lineages and analysis of the offspring genotypes and (iv) copy number variation assays, with TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR.
resultskdr mutations in 1011 and 1016 sites were present only in type 'A' sequences, but never in the same haplotype. In addition, although the 1011Met-mutant allele is widely disseminated, no homozygous (1011Met/Met) was detected. Sequencing revealed three distinct haplotypes in some individuals, raising the hypothesis of gene duplication, which was supported by the genotype frequencies in the offspring of specific crosses. Furthermore, it was estimated that a laboratory strain selected for insecticide resistance had 5-fold more copies of the sodium channel gene compared with a susceptible reference strain. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The AaNaV duplication here found might be a recent adaptive response to the intense use of insecticides, maintaining together wild-type and mutant alleles in the same organism, conferring resistance and reducing some of its deleterious effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.