Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2014
Therapeutic infusions of ketamine: do the psychoactive effects matter?
Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04701866 (Music as a Potential Intervention to Improve Hemodynamic Tolerability of Repetitive Sub-Anesthetic IV Ketamine Infusions in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression), which is not on this map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Music as a Potential Intervention to Improve Hemodynamic Tolerability of Repetitive Sub-Anesthetic IV Ketamine Infusions in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression: A Pilot Study
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Psychedelic Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Patient Experiences in Qualitative Studies.CNS drugs · 2020Pooled it
- Adverse Events and Measurement of Dissociation After the First Dose of Esketamine in Patients With TRD.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Neuroimaging correlates and predictors of response to repeated-dose intravenous ketamine in PTSD: preliminary evidence.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Attenuation of Antidepressant Effects of Ketamine by Opioid Receptor Antagonism.The American journal of psychiatry · 2018Trial
- A sub-set of psychoactive effects may be critical to the behavioral impact of ketamine on cocaine use disorder: Results from a randomized, controlled laboratory study.Neuropharmacology · 2018Trial
- Cocaine self-administration disrupted by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine: a randomized, crossover trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Psilocybin-occasioned mystical experiences in the treatment of tobacco addiction.Current drug abuse reviews · 2014Trial
- Bifunctional Modulation of NMDA and Opioid Receptors in Ketamine Reinforcement and Misuse: Implications for Substance Use Disorder Treatment.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Article
- Optimizing ketamine dosing strategies across diverse clinical applications: a comprehensive review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Review
- Ketamine-From an Anesthetic to a Psychiatric Drug: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Applications and Potential Risks.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence-based drug repurposing with electronic health record clinical corroboration: A case for ketamine as a potential treatment for amphetamine-type stimulant use disorder.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Ketamine assisted psychotherapy in postpartum mood and anxiety disorders: a limited case series.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Meta-correlation of the effect of ketamine and psilocybin induced subjective effects on therapeutic outcome.Npj mental health research · 2024Article
- Epigenetic drugs and psychedelics as emerging therapies for alcohol use disorder: insights from preclinical studies.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- The Psychedelic Future of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- A novel framework for ketamine-assisted couple therapy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Review
- Context is a Critical for Psychoactive Drug Effects.CNS drugs · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSub-anesthetic ketamine infusions may benefit a variety of psychiatric disorders, including addiction. Though ketamine engenders transient alterations in consciousness, it is not known whether these alterations influence efficacy. This analysis evaluates the mystical-type effects of ketamine, which may have therapeutic potential according to prior research, and assesses whether these effects mediate improvements in dependence-related deficits, 24h postinfusion.
methodsEight cocaine dependent individuals completed this double-blind, randomized, inpatient study. Three counter-balanced infusions separated by 48h were received: lorazepam (2mg) and two doses of ketamine (0.41mg/kg and 0.71mg/kg, with the former dose always preceding the latter). Infusions were followed within 15min by measures of dissociation (Clinician Administered Dissociative Symptoms Scale: CADSS) and mystical-type effects (adapted from Hood's Mysticism Scale: HMS). At baseline and 24h postinfusion, participants underwent assessments of motivation to stop cocaine (University of Rhode Island Change Assessment) and cue-induced craving (by visual analogue scale for cocaine craving during cue exposure).
resultsKetamine led to significantly greater acute mystical-type effects (by HMS) relative to the active control lorazepam; ketamine 0.71mg/kg was associated with significantly higher HMS scores than was the 0.41mg/kg dose. HMS score, but not CADSS score, was found to mediate the effect of ketamine on motivation to quit cocaine 24h postinfusion.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that psychological mechanisms may be involved in some of the anti-addiction benefits resulting from ketamine. Future research can evaluate whether the psychoactive effects of ketamine influence improvements in larger samples.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.