ArticleNutrients2014
Low blood zinc, iron, and other sociodemographic factors associated with behavior problems in preschoolers.
Article in Nutrients, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the impact of Spirulina supplementation on the growth of children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Role of Callous and Unemotional (CU) Traits on the Development of Youth with Behavioral Disorders: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluation of integrated, multimedia biomarkers of prenatal metals exposure in association with child neurodevelopment in Puerto Rico.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Association of Magnesium, Iron, Copper, and Zinc Levels with the Prevalence of Behavior Problems in Children and Adolescents.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Nutritional factors associated with aggression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Environmental Influences on the Behavioural and Emotional Outcomes of Children: A Network Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Multilevel Analysis of the Nutritional and Health Status among Children and Adolescents in Eastern China.Nutrients · 2022Article
- The mediating effect of dietary patterns on the association between mother's education level and the physical aggression of five-year-old children: a population-based cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
- Article
- Piloting a Developmental Screening Tool Adapted for East African Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Article
- Zinc, Magnesium, Selenium and Depression: A Review of the Evidence, Potential Mechanisms and Implications.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Neurocognitive Function Is Associated With Serum Iron Status in Early Adolescents.Biological research for nursing · 2017Article
- Hemoglobin Status and Externalizing Behavioral Problems in Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Cohort Profile Update: The China Jintan Child Cohort Study.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
- Associations between Blood Zinc Concentrations and Sleep Quality in Childhood: A Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2015Article
- Lower serum selenium concentration associated with anxiety in children.Journal of pediatric nursingArticle
- Child Physical Abuse, Non-anemic Iron Deficiency and Behavior Problems.Journal of pediatric nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Previous research supports the link among malnutrition, cognitive dysfunction, and behavioral outcomes; however, less research has focused on micronutrient deficiencies. This study investigates whether micronutrient deficiencies, specifically blood zinc and iron levels, will be associated with increased behavior problem scores, including internalizing and externalizing behaviors. 1314 Children (55% boys and 45% girls) from the Jintan Preschool Cohort in China participated in this study. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for zinc and iron when the children were 3-5 years old. Behavior problems were measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), which was completed by the parents when children were in their last months of preschool (mean age 5.6 years). General linear multivariate modeling was used, with adjustment for important sociodemographic variables. The results indicate that low zinc levels alone (p = 0.024) and combined low zinc and iron levels (p = 0.022) are significantly associated with increased reports of total behavior problems. We did not find an association between low iron and behavior problems. With regards to sociodemographics, living in the suburbs is associated with increased internalizing problems, while higher mother's education and being female were associated with decreased externalizing problems. This study suggests that micronutrient deficiencies and sociodemographic facts are associated with behavior problems in preschoolers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.