ArticleMucosal immunology2014
IL-15 complexes induce NK- and T-cell responses independent of type I IFN signaling during rhinovirus infection.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01159782 (Human Model of Rhinovirus Induced Acute Asthma Exacerbations), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Human Model of Rhinovirus Induced Acute Asthma Exacerbations
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rhinovirus-induced CCL17 and CCL22 in Asthma Exacerbations and Differential Regulation by STAT6.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2021Trial
- A comprehensive overview of monkeypox virus disease.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Review
- Stroma-specific IL-15 coordinates epithelial IL-15Rα to promote intestinal epithelial repair.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Monkeypox Virus and Pregnancy.Journal of medical virology · 2025Review
- Improved antitumor effectiveness of oncolytic HSV-1 viruses engineered with IL-15/IL-15Rα complex combined with oncolytic HSV-1-aPD1 targets colon cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Epigenetic regulation in epithelial cells and innate lymphocyte responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis identifies acute changes in the tumor microenvironment induced by interferon α gene therapy in a murine bladder cancer model.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Immunotherapeutic implications on targeting the cytokines produced in rhinovirus-induced immunoreactions.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Review
- Natural killer cells in the lung: potential role in asthma and virus-induced exacerbation?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- Review
- Inefficient Recovery of Repeatedly Stimulated Memory CD8 T Cells after Polymicrobial Sepsis Induction Leads to Changes in Memory CD8 T Cell Pool Composition.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- The prospective outcome of the monkeypox outbreak in 2022 and characterization of monkeypox disease immunobiology.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Cluster analysis of nasal cytokines during rhinovirus infection identifies different immunophenotypes in both children and adults with allergic asthma.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2022Article
- Monkeypox: disease epidemiology, host immunity and clinical interventions.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2022Review
- Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors 1 and 2 Attenuates Natural Killer Cell and Innate Immune Responses in an Experimental Model for Obliterative Bronchiolitis.The American journal of pathology · 2022Article
- Review
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus strains Hoti and Afghanistan cause viremia and mild clinical disease in cynomolgus monkeys.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Rhinovirus and Innate Immune Function of Airway Epithelium.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Natural Killer Cells and Host Defense Against Human Rhinoviruses Is Partially Dependent on Type I IFN Signaling.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Unique transcriptional and protein-expression signature in human lung tissue-resident NK cells.Nature communications · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Rhinoviruses are among the most common viruses to infect man, causing a range of serious respiratory diseases including exacerbations of asthma and COPD. Type I IFN and IL-15 are thought to be required for antiviral immunity; however, their function during rhinovirus infection in vivo is undefined. In RV-infected human volunteers, IL-15 protein expression in fluid from the nasal mucosa and in bronchial biopsies was increased. In mice, RV induced type I IFN-dependent expressions of IL-15 and IL-15Rα, which in turn were required for NK- and CD8(+) T-cell responses. Treatment with IL-15-IL-15Rα complexes (IL-15c) boosted RV-induced expression of IL-15, IL-15Rα, IFN-γ, CXCL9, and CXCL10 followed by recruitment of activated, IFN-γ-expressing NK, CD8(+), and CD4(+) T cells. Treating infected IFNAR1(-/-) mice with IL-15c similarly increased IL-15, IL-15Rα, IFN-γ, and CXCL9 (but not CXCL10) expression also followed by NK-, CD8(+)-, and CD4(+)-T-cell recruitment and activation. We have demonstrated that type I IFN-induced IFN-γ and cellular immunity to RV was mediated by IL-15 and IL-15Rα. Importantly, we also show that IL-15 could be induced via a type I IFN-independent mechanism by IL-15 complex treatment, which in turn was sufficient to drive IFN-γ expression and lymphocyte responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.