ReviewInfectious disease reports2013
HIV Drug Resistance: Problems and Perspectives.
Review in Infectious disease reports, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- Simulation modeling for the design and evaluation of HIV drug resistance interventions: a systematic review of literature.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of HIV drug resistance among patients experiencing first-line treatment failure in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Viral load monitoring for people living with HIV in the era of test and treat: progress made and challenges ahead - a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Development of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to 4'-Ethynyl-2-Fluoro-2'-Deoxyadenosine Starting with Wild-Type or Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Resistant Strains.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Trial
- The transmission of drug-resistant strains of HIV in heterosexual populations based on genetic sequences.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Genetic diversity and antiretroviral resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Peruvian military personnel during one year of follow-upBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2026Article
- Understanding patterns of variant emergence and spread in an ongoing epidemic.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Multi-Epitope DNA-Based Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Construct Designed by Immunoinformatic and Machine Learning Tools as a Surrogate Model for HIV Vaccine Development.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Next-Generation HIV-1 Therapeutics in Co-Endemic Settings.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Predictors of HIV treatment interruption among people living with HIV in 6 regions in Ghana: a retrospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Analysis of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations Along With Treatment Outcomes of Efavirenz-Based Regimens in Patients With V179D/E Mutations in Guangzhou, China.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026Article
- Intervention studies and antimicrobial resistance in Italy: An overview of the latest evidence.Journal of global antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- HIV/AIDS compartmental model analysis with drug resistance treatment, vertical transmission, and optimal control theory.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence of acquired resistance to HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) in clinical samples from treatment-experienced patients in Chile, 2012-2023.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Article
- Acquired HIV-1 drug resistance to reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors among people failing antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon and implications for future treatment options.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- HIVGenoPipe: a nextflow pipeline for the detection of HIV-1 drug resistance using a real-time sample-specific reference sequence.BMC bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Antiretroviral therapy use, self-reported adherence, and viral suppression among women living with HIV in Canada.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Development of HIV Drug-Resistance Mutations and Antiretroviral Efficacy Among Vietnamese Patients After Failure of 5-Year First-Line Therapy.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Observational
- Structural and Functional Studies on HIV Protease: Mechanism of Action, Subtypes, Inhibitors, and Drug Resistance.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Review
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Access to combination antiretroviral treatment (ART) has improved greatly over recent years. At the end of 2011, more than eight million HIV-infected people were receiving ART in low-income and middle-income countries. ART generally works well in keeping the virus suppressed and the patient healthy. However, treatment only works as long as the virus is not resistant against the drugs used. In the last decades, HIV treatments have become better and better at slowing down the evolution of drug resistance, so that some patients are treated for many years without having any resistance problems. However, for some patients, especially in low-income countries, drug resistance is still a serious threat to their health. This essay will review what is known about transmitted and acquired drug resistance, multi-class drug resistance, resistance to newer drugs, resistance due to treatment for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, the role of minority variants (low-frequency drug-resistance mutations), and resistance due to pre-exposure prophylaxis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.