ReviewThe AAPS journal2014
Ethinyl estradiol and other human pharmaceutical estrogens in the aquatic environment: a review of recent risk assessment data.
Review in The AAPS journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmaceutical Wastewater as an Emerging Environmental Contaminant: Sustainable Treatment Strategies and Future Perspectives.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reproductive Impact of Natural, Synthetic and Emerging Chemicals on Wildlife and Domestic Animals.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- A Double Challenge for Fish: The Combined Stress of Warming and Pharmaceuticals in Aquatic Systems.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Fish Exposed to Environmental Concentrations of Pharmaceutical Pollutants: A Review.Biology · 2025Review
- Diversity of estrogen biodegradation pathways and application in environmental bioremediation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Unlocking the future of environmental safety: a framework for integrating new approach methodologies in decision-making.NAM journal · 2025Article
- Removal efficiencies and environmental risk assessment of selected pharmaceuticals and metabolites at a wastewater treatment plant in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2024Article
- Article
- Occurrence and sources of hormones in water resources-environmental and health impact.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Review
- Nature based solutions for removal of steroid estrogens in wastewater.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Transcriptome signatures of wastewater effluent exposure in larval zebrafish vary with seasonal mixture composition in an effluent-dominated stream.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Pharmaceuticals in source waters of 95 First Nations in Canada.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2021Article
- Estrogen induces shift in abundances of specific groups of the coral microbiome.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Occurrence of organic micropollutants in an urbanized sub-basin and ecological risk assessment.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2021Article
- Wastewater treatment efficacy evaluated withWater research X · 2020Article
- Sex Steroids Induce Membrane Stress Responses and Virulence Properties in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.mBio · 2020Article
- The Analysis of Estrogen-Degrading and Functional Metabolism Genes inInternational journal of genomics · 2020Article
- Occurrence, behavior and risk assessment of estrogens in surface water and sediments from Hanjiang River, Central China.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2019Article
- The impact of propranolol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, and gemfibrozil on early life stages of marine organisms: effects and risk assessment.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
- Sources, mechanisms, and fate of steroid estrogens in wastewater treatment plants: a mini review.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interest in pharmaceuticals in the environment has increased substantially in recent years. Several studies in particular have assessed human and ecological risks from human pharmaceutical estrogens, such as 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2). Regulatory action also has increased, with the USA and other countries developing rules to address estrogens and other pharmaceuticals in the environment. Accordingly, the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research at the US Food and Drug Administration has conducted a review and analysis of current data on the long-term ecological exposure and effects of EE2 and other estrogens. The results indicate that mean-flow long-term predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of EE2 in approximately 99% or more of US surface water segments downstream of wastewater treatment plants are lower than a predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) for aquatic chronic toxicity of 0.1 ng/L. Exceedances are expected to be primarily in localized, effluent-dominated water segments. The median mean-flow PEC is more than two orders of magnitude lower than this PNEC. Similar results exist for other pharmaceutical estrogens. Data also suggest that the contribution of EE2 more broadly to total estrogenic load in the environment from all sources (including other human pharmaceutical estrogens, endogenous estrogens, natural environmental estrogens, and industrial chemicals), while highly uncertain and variable, appears to be relatively low overall. Additional data and a more comprehensive approach for data collection and analysis for estrogenic substances in the environment, especially in effluent-dominated water segments in sensitive environments, would more fully characterize the risks.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.