Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24468639›Full record

ArticleHormones and behavior2014

Cortisol diurnal patterns, associations with depressive symptoms, and the impact of intervention in older adults: results using modern robust methods aimed at dealing with low power due to violations of standard assumptions.

Rand R Wilcox, Douglas A Granger, Sarah Szanton, Florence Clark

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Hormones and behavior, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 47% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Use of Salivary Diurnal Cortisol as an Outcome Measure in Randomised Controlled Trials: a Systematic Review.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2016
    Pooled it
  3. Depression, perceived social control, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in African-American adults.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2020
    Article
  4. Cortisol, oxytocin, and quality of life in major depressive disorder.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Physiological and Psychological Stress in Patients Living With a Left Ventricular Assist Device.ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rand R WilcoxDept. of Psychology, University of Southern California, USA. Electronic address: rwilcox@usc.edu.
Douglas A GrangerInstitute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, Arizona State University, USA.
Sarah SzantonSchool of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, USA; School of Medicine, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, USA.
Florence ClarkDivision of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, USA.
University of Southern California · USArizona State University · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Health Mediating Effects of the Well Elderly ProgramR01AG021108 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CLARK, FLORENCE A. · 2004 to 2007
$2.2M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG021108NIA NIH HHS R01AG021108
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advances in salivary bioscience enable the widespread integration of biological measures into the behavioral and social sciences. While theoretical integration has progressed, much less attention has focused on analytical strategies and tactics. The statistical literature warns that common methods for comparing groups and studying associations can have relatively poor power compared to more modern robust techniques. Here we illustrate, in secondary data analyses using the USC Well Elderly II study (n=460, age 60-95, 66% female), that modern robust methods make a substantial difference when analyzing relations between salivary analyte and behavioral data. Analyses that deal with the diurnal pattern of cortisol and the association of the cortisol awakening response with depressive symptoms and physical well-being are reported. Non-significant results become significant when using improved methods for dealing with skewed distributions and outliers. Analytical strategies and tactics that employ modern robust methods have the potential to reduce the probability of both Type I and Type II errors in studies that compare salivary analytes between groups, across time, or examine associations with salivary analyte levels.

Indexed as

Data Interpretation, StatisticalAgedAged, 80 and overCircadian RhythmDepressionFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneMaleMiddle AgedRisk Reduction BehaviorSalivaStatistical DistributionsHydrocortisoneCortisol awakening responseDepressive symptomsRobust statistical techniquesWell-beingWell Elderly II study

Identifiers

PMID24468639
PMCPMC3960304
OpenAlexW2092138080

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.