ArticlePloS one2014
Stressful events and continued smoking and continued alcohol consumption during mid-pregnancy.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- An Evaluation of Food and Nutrient Intake among Pregnant Women in The Netherlands: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Food Consumption, Nutrient Intake and Status during the First 1000 days of Life in the Netherlands: a Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- What Do We Know About Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in Nigeria? A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- The Connection Between Stress and Women's Smoking During the Perinatal Period: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Continued tobacco consumption during pregnancy and women's depression and anxiety symptoms.International journal of public health · 2019Article
- Consequences and Possible Predictors of Health-damaging Behaviors and Mental Health Problems in Pregnancy - A Review.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2016Review
- Effects of tobacco exposure on perinatal suicidal ideation, depression, and anxiety.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Alcohol use before and during unwanted pregnancy.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimto examine whether the severity of different categories of stressful events is associated with continued smoking and alcohol consumption during mid-pregnancy. Also, we explored the explanation of these associations by anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy. Finally, we studied whether the severity of stressful events was associated with the amount of cigarettes and alcohol used by continued users.
methodWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from a population-based prospective cohort study. Pregnant women were recruited via midwifery practices throughout The Netherlands. We analyzed women who continued smoking (n = 113) or quit (n = 290), and women who continued alcohol consumption (n = 124) or quit (n = 1403) during pregnancy. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and perceived severity of stressful events were measured at 19 weeks of gestation. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were filled out at 14 weeks of gestation. Odds ratios were calculated as association measures and indicated the relative increase for the odds of continuation of smoking and alcohol consumption for the maximum severity score compared to the minimum score.
findingsSeverity of the following stressful event categories was associated with continued alcohol consumption: 'conflict with loved ones' (OR = 10.4, p<0.01), 'crime related' (OR= 35.7, p<0.05), 'pregnancy-specific' (OR = 13.4, p<0.05), and the total including all events (OR = 17.2, p<0.05). Adjustment for potential confounders (age, parity and educational level) did not notably change the estimates. There was no association of anxiety and depressive symptoms with continued smoking or alcohol consumption. No associations emerged for continued smoking and severity of stressful events. The amount of cigarettes and alcohol consumption among continued users was not associated with severity of stressful events.
conclusionsOur findings may be relevant for health care providers, in particular midwives and general practitioners. The impact of stressful events may be considered when advising pregnant women on smoking and alcohol consumption.
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