ArticlePloS one2014
Intraflagellar transport gene expression associated with short cilia in smoking and COPD.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sputum and blood transcriptomics characterisation of the inhaled PDE4 inhibitor CHF6001 on top of triple therapy in patients with chronic bronchitis.Respiratory research · 2020Trial
- Characterizing airway epithelial cultures grown on permeable inserts with different pore densities.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Notch signaling stabilizes lengths of motile cilia in multiciliated cells in the lung.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- MI-181 enhances ciliation and cilia length in a cigarette smoke exposed airway epithelial model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Respiratory Ciliary Beat Frequency in COPD: Balancing Oxidative Stress and Pharmacological Treatment.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unflavored electronic cigarette exposure induces alterations in airway ciliary structure and function.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- The molecular impact of cigarette smoking resembles aging across tissues.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Role of intraflagellar transport protein IFT140 in the formation and function of motile cilia in mammals.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Optical Imaging of Cilia in the Head and Neck.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Small airway disease as a key factor in COPD: new perspectives and insights.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
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- Ciliary Function, Antigen Stasis and Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Loss of p73 Expression Contributes to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Airway ciliated cells in adult lung homeostasis and COPD.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Review
- Review
- miR449 Protects Airway Regeneration by Controlling AURKA/HDAC6-Mediated Ciliary Disassembly.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Respiratory Viral and Bacterial Exacerbations of COPD-The Role of the Airway Epithelium.Cells · 2022Review
- Article
- Impaired Differentiation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Bronchial Epithelial Cells Grown on Bronchial Scaffolds.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking and COPD are associated with decreased mucociliary clearance, and healthy smokers have shorter cilia in the large airway than nonsmokers. We hypothesized that changes in cilia length are consistent throughout the airway, and we further hypothesized that smokers with COPD have shorter cilia than healthy smokers. Because intraflagellar transport (IFT) is the process by which cilia of normal length are produced and maintained, and alterations in IFT lead to short cilia in model organisms, we also hypothesized that smoking induces changes in the expression of IFT-related genes in the airway epithelium of smokers and smokers with COPD. To assess these hypotheses, airway epithelium was obtained via bronchoscopic brushing. Cilia length was assessed by measuring 100 cilia (10 cilia on each of 10 cells) per subject and Affymetrix microarrays were used to evaluate IFT gene expression in nonsmokers and healthy smokers in 2 independent data sets from large and small airway as well as in COPD smokers in a data set from the small airway. In the large and small airway epithelium, cilia were significantly shorter in healthy smokers than nonsmokers, and significantly shorter in COPD smokers than in both healthy smokers and nonsmokers. The gene expression data confirmed that a set of 8 IFT genes were down-regulated in smokers in both data sets; however, no differences were seen in COPD smokers compared to healthy smokers. These results support the concept that loss of cilia length contributes to defective mucociliary clearance in COPD, and that smoking-induced changes in expression of IFT genes may be one mechanism of abnormally short cilia in smokers. Strategies to normalize cilia length may be an important avenue for novel COPD therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.