ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm growth in vitro and in vivo and its role in colonization, virulence, and genetic exchange.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structure-Informed Prioritization of Phytochemical Antistreptococcal Candidates: Integrated Molecular Docking and In Vitro Proof-of-Concept Validation AgainstCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Research on gut microbiota and metabolic characteristics in patients with sleep disorders after ischemic stroke.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- The phage protein paratox is a multifunctional metabolic regulator of Streptococcus.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- A Decade-Long Review of the Virulence, Resistance, and Epidemiological Risks ofMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Review
- Genetic modification ofmSphere · 2024Article
- Horizontal Gene Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Biofilms.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comment on: "Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia" [Letter].Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Streptococcal peptides and their roles in host-microbe interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Role of serotype and virulence determinants ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Clinically relevantBiofilm · 2022Review
- Expanding natural transformation to improve beneficial lactic acid bacteria.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Article
- Clp ATPases differentially affect natural competence development in Streptococcus mutans.MicrobiologyOpen · 2022Article
- AssessingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Review
- Light Triggered Enhancement of Antibiotic Efficacy in Biofilm Elimination Mediated by Gold-Silver Alloy Nanoparticles.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Molecular mechanism of quorum sensing inhibition in Streptococcus by the phage protein paratox.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2021Article
- An optimised GAS-pharyngeal cell biofilm model.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Antibiotic Treatment, Mechanisms for Failure, and Adjunctive Therapies for Infections by Group AFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGroup A streptococcus (GAS) commonly colonizes the oropharynx and nonintact skin. However, colonization has been little studied and the role of biofilm formation is unclear, as biofilm experiments to date have not been conducted under conditions that mimic the host environment.
methodsIn this study we grew GAS biofilms on human keratinocytes under various environmental conditions and used this model to evaluate colonization, invasive disease and natural transformation.
resultsGAS grown on epithelial cells, but not biofilms grown on abiotic surfaces, produced biofilms with characteristics similar to in vivo colonization. These biofilm bacteria showed a 100-fold higher bacterial burden of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue in mice than broth-grown bacteria, and were not virulent during septic infection, which was attributed in part to down-regulation of genes typically involved in localized and invasive disease. We also showed for the first time that GAS were naturally transformable when grown in biofilms and during colonization of NALT in vivo.
conclusionsThese findings provide novel model systems to study biofilm formation of GAS in vitro and in vivo, suggest an important role for biofilm formation during GAS colonization, and provide an explanation for the known genome diversity within the GAS population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.