ArticleNature2014
Transcription factor achaete-scute homologue 2 initiates follicular T-helper-cell development.
Article in Nature, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
210 citing papers in PubMed, 340 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota in early and established stages of rheumatoid arthritis: from pathogenesis to promising prevention and treatment.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Regulation of follicular helper T cell subset differentiation in health and disease.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Article
- TGF-β and IL-2 differentially shape T follicular regulatory cell differentiation and stability in vitro.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- CXCR5Nature communications · 2026Article
- The MEK1/2-IRF4 axis fosters T follicular helper cell differentiationand antitumor humoral immune response.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into gut microbiota-driven autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Optimal CXCR5 expression during Tfh maturation involves the Bhlhe40-Pou2af1 axis.Cell reports · 2025Article
- The impact of NF-κB2 mutations on Tfh cell differentiation and their critical role in immune function.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Refined cell transfer model reveals roles for Ascl2 and Cxcr3 in splenic localization of mouse NK cells during virus infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Unravelling the transcriptome of the human tuberculosis lesion and its clinical implications.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Unravelling NK cell subset dynamics and specific gene signatures post-ibrutinib therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia via single-cell transcriptomics.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- TRAF3 is critical for initial T follicular helper cell specification via coordination of the IL-6R/IL-2R-BCL6 signaling nexus.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Full-length mRNA sequencing resolves novel variation in 5' UTR length for genes expressed during human CD4 T-cell activation.Immunogenetics · 2025Article
- Follicular Helper T Cells: Potential Interventional Targets in Atherosclerosis.Journal of immunology research · 2025Review
- Follicular helper T cells (Tfh): heterogeneity in spatial distribution and phenotypic characteristics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Focal adhesion kinase plays an essential role in Th17 cell differentiation by stimulating NF-κB signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The expression pattern and role of circulating CXCR5Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- The active form of vitamin D (calcitriol) promotes CXCR5 expression during follicular helper T cell differentiation.International immunology · 2024Article
- Article
150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In immune responses, activated T cells migrate to B-cell follicles and develop into follicular T-helper (TFH) cells, a recently identified subset of CD4(+) T cells specialized in providing help to B lymphocytes in the induction of germinal centres. Although Bcl6 has been shown to be essential in TFH-cell function, it may not regulate the initial migration of T cells or the induction of the TFH program, as exemplified by C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) upregulation. Here we show that expression of achaete-scute homologue 2 (Ascl2)--a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor--is selectively upregulated in TFH cells. Ectopic expression of Ascl2 upregulates CXCR5 but not Bcl6, and downregulates C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) expression in T cells in vitro, as well as accelerating T-cell migration to the follicles and TFH-cell development in vivo in mice. Genome-wide analysis indicates that Ascl2 directly regulates TFH-related genes whereas it inhibits expression of T-helper cell 1 (TH1) and TH17 signature genes. Acute deletion of Ascl2, as well as blockade of its function with the Id3 protein in CD4(+) T cells, results in impaired TFH-cell development and germinal centre response. Conversely, mutation of Id3, known to cause antibody-mediated autoimmunity, greatly enhances TFH-cell generation. Thus, Ascl2 directly initiates TFH-cell development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.