Observational studyAnnals of the American Thoracic Society2014
Inhaled amikacin for treatment of refractory pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease.
Observational study in Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic treatment for non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Cystic Fibrosis Foundation otolaryngology care multidisciplinary consensus recommendations.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2022Pooled it
- Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: An Official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Guideline
- Treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease: an official ATS/ERS/ESCMID/IDSA clinical practice guideline.The European respiratory journal · 2020Guideline
- Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of the Effect of Chemotherapy on Pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus Outcomes and Disease Recurrence.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Pooled it
- Guideline
- Randomized Trial of Liposomal Amikacin for Inhalation in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2017Trial
- Clinical efficacy and safety of multidrug therapy including thrice weekly intravenous amikacin administration for Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease in outpatient settings: a case series.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Liposomal antimicrobials in the fight against bacterial and fungal pathogens: Clinical successes and development challenges.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Recent advances in immunopathogenesis and clinical practice: mastering the challenge-managing of non-tuberculous mycobacteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Qualitative Interviews Exploring Adverse Event Mitigation Strategies in Adults Receiving Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension.Pulmonary therapy · 2024Article
- Inhaled Adjunct Therapy with Second-Line Drug Candidates for Dose Reduction in Chemotherapeutic Regimens for Multi-drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2023Article
- The synergetic effect of sitafloxacin-arbekacin combination in the Mycobacterium abscessus species.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Microbiological profile, preclinical pharmacokinetics and efficacy of CRS0393, a novel antimycobacterial agent targeting MmpL3.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Article
- Amikacin Liposomal Inhalation Suspension in the Treatment ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Review
- Strategies to Overcome Biological Barriers Associated with Pulmonary Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Lung Disease (NTM-LD): Current Recommendations on Diagnosis, Treatment, and Patient Management.International journal of general medicine · 2022Review
- Potential of Nanotechnology-based Formulations in Combating Pulmonary Infectious Diseases: A Current Scenario.Current pharmaceutical design · 2022Review
- Comparative safety of inhaled corticosteroids and macrolides in Medicare enrolees with bronchiectasis.ERJ open research · 2022Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleTreatment of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium abscessus, requires prolonged, multidrug regimens with high toxicity and suboptimal efficacy. Options for refractory disease are limited.
objectivesWe reviewed the efficacy and toxicity of inhaled amikacin in patients with treatment-refractory nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease.
methodsRecords were queried to identify patients who had inhaled amikacin added to failing regimens. Lower airway microbiology, symptoms, and computed tomography scan changes were assessed together with reported toxicity. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsThe majority (80%) of the 20 patients who met entry criteria were women; all had bronchiectasis, two had cystic fibrosis and one had primary ciliary dyskinesia. At initiation of inhaled amikacin, 15 were culture positive for M. abscessus and 5 for Mycobacterium avium complex and had received a median (range) of 60 (6, 190) months of mycobacterial treatment. Patients were followed for a median of 19 (1, 50) months. Eight (40%) patients had at least one negative culture and 5 (25%) had persistently negative cultures. A decrease in smear quantity was noted in 9 of 20 (45%) and in mycobacterial culture growth for 10 of 19 (53%). Symptom scores improved in nine (45%), were unchanged in seven (35%), and worsened in four (20%). Improvement on computed tomography scans was noted in 6 (30%), unchanged in 3 (15%), and worsened in 11 (55%). Seven (35%) stopped amikacin due to: ototoxicity in two (10%), hemoptysis in two (10%), and nephrotoxicity, persistent dysphonia, and vertigo in one each.
conclusionsIn some patients with treatment-refractory pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease, the addition of inhaled amikacin was associated with microbiologic and/or symptomatic improvement; however, toxicity was common. Prospective evaluation of inhaled amikacin for mycobacterial disease is warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.