Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24458645›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2014

Adaptation of innate lymphoid cells to a micronutrient deficiency promotes type 2 barrier immunity.

S P Spencer, C Wilhelm, Q Yang, J A Hall, N Bouladoux, A Boyd, T B Nutman, J F Urban, J Wang, T R Ramalingam and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 268 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
268citing papers in PubMed
24.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

268 citing papers in PubMed, 434 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Epithelial sensing of vitamin A shapes intestinal antimicrobial defense.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Dysregulated immunometabolism in gut inflammation.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Regulation of innate lymphoid cell by microbial metabolites.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

208 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

S P SpencerImmunity at Barrier Sites Initiative, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, NIH, Bethesda 20892, USA.
C Wilhelm
Q Yang
J A Hall
N Bouladoux
A Boyd
T B Nutman
J F Urban
J Wang
T R Ramalingam
A Bhandoola
T A Wynn
Y Belkaid
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

Immunoregulation /Immune Recognition In Filarial/Nonfilarial Parasitic InfectionZIAAI000197 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI NUTMAN, THOMAS · 2009 to 2025
$23.4M
T cell Development and RegenerationZIABC011633 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI BHANDOOLA, AVINASH · 2015 to 2025
$20.5M
Approaches To Immunological Intervention In SchistosomiasisZIAAI000829 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI WYNN, THOMAS · 2009 to 2018
$9.9M
Role of Vitamins in the Control of ImmunityZIAAI001133 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BELKAID, YASMINE · 2010 to 2025
$6.1M
Tissue Immunity and Repair ProgramZIAAI001194 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BELKAID, YASMINE · 2014 to 2015
$995k
Role of tissue resident eosinophils in promoting intestinal immunityF30DK094708 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI SPENCER, SEAN PAUL · 2011 to 2013
$101k
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AI999999NIDDK NIH HHS F30 DK094708
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

How the immune system adapts to malnutrition to sustain immunity at barrier surfaces, such as the intestine, remains unclear. Vitamin A deficiency is one of the most common micronutrient deficiencies and is associated with profound defects in adaptive immunity. Here, we found that type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are severely diminished in vitamin A-deficient settings, which results in compromised immunity to acute bacterial infection. However, vitamin A deprivation paradoxically resulted in dramatic expansion of interleukin-13 (IL-13)-producing ILC2s and resistance to nematode infection in mice, which revealed that ILCs are primary sensors of dietary stress. Further, these data indicate that, during malnutrition, a switch to innate type 2 immunity may represent a powerful adaptation of the immune system to promote host survival in the face of ongoing barrier challenges.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityImmunity, InnateAnimalsCitrobacter rodentiumEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsHomeodomain ProteinsInterleukin-13LymphocytesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Mutant StrainsMicronutrientsVitamin AVitamin A DeficiencyHomeodomain ProteinsInterleukin-13MicronutrientsRAG-1 proteinVitamin A

Identifiers

PMID24458645
PMCPMC4313730
OpenAlexW1999696784

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.