ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2014
A model for tear film thinning with osmolarity and fluorescein.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Dry Eye Disease Examination Techniques.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Reliability and efficacy of maximum fluorescein tear break-up time in diagnosing dry eye disease.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Model of ocular surface ion and water transport predicts efficacy of dry eye therapeutics.The Journal of general physiology · 2026Article
- The cornea in keratoconjunctivitis sicca.Experimental eye research · 2020Review
- Biological functions of tear film.Experimental eye research · 2020Review
- Changes in Corneal Detection Thresholds After Repeated Tear Film Instability.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2019Article
- Dynamics of Fluorescent Imaging for Rapid Tear Thinning.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2019Article
- On tear film breakup (TBU): dynamics and imaging.Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA · 2018Article
- Mechanisms, imaging and structure of tear film breakup.The ocular surface · 2018Review
- Estimating the Osmolarities of Tears During Evaporation Through the "Eyes" of the Corneal Nerves.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2017Article
- Computed tear film and osmolarity dynamics on an eye-shaped domain.Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA · 2016Article
- Tear lipid layer thickness with eye drops in meibomian gland dysfunction.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2016Article
- The Effects of Increasing Ocular Surface Stimulation on Blinking and Tear Secretion.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2015Article
- Dynamics and function of the tear film in relation to the blink cycle.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2015Review
- Hyperosmolar tears enhance cooling sensitivity of the corneal nerves in rats: possible neural basis for cold-induced dry eye pain.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2014Article
- Tear film dynamics with evaporation, wetting, and time-dependent flux boundary condition on an eye-shaped domain.Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994) · 2014Article
- Tear instability importance, mechanisms, validity and reliability of assessment.Journal of optometryReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe developed a mathematical model predicting dynamic changes in fluorescent intensity during tear film thinning in either dilute or quenching regimes and we model concomitant changes in tear film osmolarity.
methodsWe solved a mathematical model for the thickness, osmolarity, fluorescein concentration, and fluorescent intensity as a function of time, assuming a flat and spatially uniform tear film.
resultsThe tear film thins to a steady-state value that depends on the relative importance of the rates of evaporation and osmotic supply, and the resulting increase of osmolarity and fluorescein concentrations are calculated. Depending on the initial thickness, the rate of osmotic supply and the tear film thinning rate, the osmolarity increase may be modest or it may increase by as much as a factor of eight or more from isosmotic levels. Regarding fluorescent intensity, the quenching regime occurs for initial concentrations at or above the critical fluorescein concentration where efficiency dominates, while lower concentrations show little change in fluorescence with tear film thinning.
conclusionsOur model underscores the importance of using fluorescein concentrations at or near the critical concentration clinically so that quenching reflects tear film thinning and breakup. In addition, the model predicts that, depending on tear film and osmotic factors, the osmolarity within the corneal compartment of the tear film may increase markedly during tear film thinning, well above levels that cause marked discomfort.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.