ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
The Significance of Interferon-γ in HIV-1 Pathogenesis, Therapy, and Prophylaxis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long COVID among people with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.HIV medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Obstructive sleep apnea-related hypoxemia and heart rate dynamics are associated with systemic inflammation in people living with HIV.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Protein-dependent CD4iScience · 2026Article
- Time- and Dose-Dependent PSP-Induced Modulation of Antiviral Signaling Networks in CD4+ T Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Variation in antiviral immunity and inflammation pathways precedes HIV-1 infection in a high-risk African cohort.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- A Unique Protein Adjuvant for Precision Immunotherapy to Prevent Recurrence of Surgically Resected Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- CXCL9 and CXCL10 Induce Expression of Nociceptive Ion Channels in Primary Sensory Neurons in Models of HIV-Associated Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The STAT Signaling Pathway in HIV-1 Infection: Roles and Dysregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Novel Protein Adjuvant Activating Innate IFN-γ and IL-18 Expression and Inducing Rejection of Implanted Colorectal Cancer Following Immunotherapy Using This Adjuvant in Mice.Medical research archives · 2025Article
- Article
- HIV status alters immune cell infiltration and activation profile in women with breast cancer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Natural Resistance to HIV Infection: Role of Immune Activation.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- Cytokines in HIV-1 patients on combination antiretroviral therapy with persistent low-level viremia at a tertiary hospital in Western Kenya.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- Tumour necrosis factor-α induces macromolecule translocation in HIV-derived duodenal organoids.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cytokine profiles as predictors of HIV incidence using machine learning survival models and statistical interpretable techniques.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Sustained immune activation and impaired epithelial barrier integrity in the ectocervix of women with chronic HIV infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Exploring the associations of tobacco smoking and serum cotinine levels with selected inflammatory markers in adults with HIV in South Africa.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Induced Interferon-Stimulated Gene Expression Is Associated With Monocyte Activation and Predicts Viral Load.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFNγ) plays various roles in the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS. In an HIV-1 infected individual, the production of IFNγ is detected as early as the acute phase and continually detected throughout the course of infection. Initially produced to clear the primary infection, IFNγ together with other inflammatory cytokines are involved in establishing a chronic immune activation that exacerbates clinical diseases associated with AIDS. Unlike Type 1 IFNs, IFNγ has no direct antiviral activity against HIV-1 in primary cultures, as supported by the in vivo findings of IFNγ therapy in infected subjects. Results from both in vitro and ex vivo studies show that IFNγ can instead enhance HIV-1 replication and its associated diseases, and therapies aimed at decreasing its production are under consideration. On the other hand, IFNγ has been shown to enhance cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cell activities against HIV-1 infected cells. These activities are important in controlling HIV-1 replication in an individual and will most likely play a role in the prophylaxis of an effective vaccine against HIV-1. Additionally, IFNγ has been used in combination with HIV-1 vaccine to augment antiviral immunity. Technological advancements have focused on using IFNγ as a biological marker to analyze the type(s) of immunity generated by candidate HIV vaccines and the levels of immunity restored by anti-retroviral drug therapies or novel immunotherapies. Hence, in addition to its valuable ancillary role as a biological marker for the development of effective HIV-1 prophylactic and therapeutic strategies, IFNγ has a vital role in promoting the pathogenesis of HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.