Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24453238›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2014

Season of birth and other perinatal risk factors for melanoma.

Casey Crump, Kristina Sundquist, Weiva Sieh, Marilyn A Winkleby, Jan Sundquist

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Implication of Immunobiological Function of Melanocytes in Dermatology.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Invited Commentary: Indoor Tanning-A Melanoma Accelerator?American journal of epidemiology · 2017
    Article
  8. Is Month of Birth a Risk Factor for Colorectal Cancer?Gastroenterology research and practice · 2017
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Casey CrumpDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA kccrump@stanford.edu.
Kristina SundquistDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USADepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Weiva SiehDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Marilyn A WinklebyDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Jan SundquistDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USADepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA and Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford University · US

Funding

Perinatal, Familial, and Neighborhood Risk Factors for Childhood CancerR03CA171017 · NCI · LUNDS UNIVERSITET · PI CRUMP, CASEY · 2013 to 2014
$98k
NCI NIH HHS R03 CA171017
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUltraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the main risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), but its specific effect in infancy is unknown. We examined whether season of birth, a proxy for solar UVR exposure in the first few months of life, is associated with CMM in childhood through young adulthood.

methodsNational cohort study of 3,571,574 persons born in Sweden in 1973-2008, followed up for CMM incidence through 2009 (maximum age 37 years) to examine season of birth and other perinatal factors.

resultsThere were 1595 CMM cases in 63.9 million person-years of follow-up. We found a sinusoidal pattern in CMM risk by season of birth (P=0.006), with peak risk corresponding to birthdates in spring (March-May). Adjusted odds ratios for CMM by season of birth were 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.39; P=0.008] for spring, 1.07 (95% CI, 0.92-1.24; P=0.40) for summer and 1.12 (95% CI, 0.96-1.29; P=0.14) for winter, relative to fall. Spring birth was associated with superficial spreading subtype of CMM (P=0.02), whereas there was no seasonal association with nodular subtype (P=0.26). Other CMM risk factors included family history of CMM in a sibling (>6-fold) or parent (>3-fold), female gender, high fetal growth and high paternal education level.

conclusionsIn this large cohort study, persons born in spring had increased risk of CMM in childhood through young adulthood, suggesting that the first few months of life may be a critical period of UVR susceptibility. Sun avoidance in early infancy may play an important role in the prevention of CMM in high-risk populations.

Indexed as

SeasonsAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesCutaneous Malignant MelanomaFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleMelanomaRisk FactorsSex FactorsSkin NeoplasmsSocioeconomic Factorsfetal developmentmelanomarisk factorsseasons

Identifiers

PMID24453238
PMCPMC4052134
OpenAlexW2138251297

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.