ArticleInfection and immunity2014
Francisella tularensis Schu S4 lipopolysaccharide core sugar and O-antigen mutants are attenuated in a mouse model of tularemia.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Animal modelling with theMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025Article
- Virulence and genome analysis of three historicalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Mutation ofMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2024Article
- Alginate microencapsulation of an attenuated O-antigen mutant of Francisella tularensis LVS as a model for a vaccine delivery vehicle.PloS one · 2022Article
- Why vary what's working? Phase variation and biofilm formation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Development, Phenotypic Characterization and Genomic Analysis of aFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Phase Variation of LPS and Capsule Is Responsible for Stochastic Biofilm Formation inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Article
- The Francisella tularensis Polysaccharides: What Is the Real Capsule?Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2020Review
- Formation of the Francisella tularensis Biofilm is Affected by Cell Surface Glycosylation, Growth Medium, and a Glucan Exopolysaccharide.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Multifaceted effects of Francisella tularensis on human neutrophil function and lifespan.Immunological reviews · 2016Review
- Outer membrane vesicles displaying engineered glycotopes elicit protective antibodies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Metabolic Reprogramming of Host Cells by Virulent Francisella tularensis for Optimal Replication and Modulation of Inflammation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Article
- Characterization of Francisella tularensis Schu S4 mutants identified from a transposon library screened for O-antigen and capsule deficiencies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Article
- From the Outside-In: The Francisella tularensis Envelope and Virulence.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2015Review
- Interactions of Francisella tularensis with Alveolar Type II Epithelial Cells and the Murine Respiratory Epithelium.PloS one · 2015Article
- Uncovering the components of the Francisella tularensis virulence stealth strategy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The virulence factors mediating Francisella pathogenesis are being investigated, with an emphasis on understanding how the organism evades innate immunity mechanisms. Francisella tularensis produces a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is essentially inert and a polysaccharide capsule that helps the organism to evade detection by components of innate immunity. Using an F. tularensis Schu S4 mutant library, we identified strains that are disrupted for capsule and O-antigen production. These serum-sensitive strains lack both capsule production and O-antigen laddering. Analysis of the predicted protein sequences for the disrupted genes (FTT1236 and FTT1238c) revealed similarity to those for waa (rfa) biosynthetic genes in other bacteria. Mass spectrometry further revealed that these proteins are involved in LPS core sugar biosynthesis and the ligation of O antigen to the LPS core sugars. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) values of these strains are increased 100- to 1,000-fold for mice. Histopathology revealed that the immune response to the F. tularensis mutant strains was significantly different from that observed with wild-type-infected mice. The lung tissue from mutant-infected mice had widespread necrotic debris, but the spleens lacked necrosis and displayed neutrophilia. In contrast, the lungs of wild-type-infected mice had nominal necrosis, but the spleens had widespread necrosis. These data indicate that murine death caused by wild-type strains occurs by a mechanism different from that by which the mutant strains kill mice. Mice immunized with these mutant strains displayed >10-fold protective effects against virulent type A F. tularensis challenge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.