ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2014
Low-dose angiostatic tyrosine kinase inhibitors improve photodynamic therapy for cancer: lack of vascular normalization.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-angiogenic therapy as potential treatment for adenomyosis.Angiogenesis · 2025Article
- Synergistic strategies in photodynamic combination therapy for cancer: mechanisms, nanotechnology, and clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Xenografting Human Musculoskeletal Sarcomas in Mice, Chick Embryo, and Zebrafish: How to Boost Translational Research.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation to overcome tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in cancer.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Longitudinal volumetric analysis ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Photodynamic Therapy Combined with Ferroptosis Is a Synergistic Antitumor Therapy Strategy.Cancers · 2023Review
- Anti-Hypoxia Nanoplatforms for Enhanced Photosensitizer Uptake and Photodynamic Therapy Effects in Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Toxicological Analysis by Assessment of Vascularization and Cell Viability Using the Chicken's Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM Assay).Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023Article
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- Inhibition of the HIF-1 Survival Pathway as a Strategy to Augment Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- The Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane as an In Vivo Model for Photodynamic Therapy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Microvascular Experimentation in the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane as a Model for Screening Angiogenic Agents including from Gene-Modified Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Combined Treatment with Acalabrutinib and Rapamycin Inhibits Glioma Stem Cells and Promotes Vascular Normalization by Downregulating BTK/mTOR/VEGF Signaling.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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- Fighting Hypoxia to Improve PDT.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
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- Functional Polymer Nanocarriers for Photodynamic Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays.Angiogenesis · 2018Review
- A Tumor Vascular-Targeted Interlocking Trimodal Nanosystem That Induces and Exploits Hypoxia.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective clinical treatment for a number of different cancers. PDT can induce hypoxia and inflammation, pro-angiogenic side effects, which may counteract its angio-occlusive mechanism. The combination of PDT with anti-angiogenic drugs offers a possibility for improved anti-tumour outcome. We used two tumour models to test the effects of the clinically approved angiostatic tyrosine kinase inhibitors sunitinib, sorafenib and axitinib in combination with PDT, and compared these results with the effects of bevacizumab, the anti-VEGF antibody, for the improvement of PDT. Best results were obtained from the combination of PDT and low-dose axitinib or sorafenib. Molecular analysis by PCR revealed that PDT in combination with axitinib suppressed VEGFR-2 expression in tumour vasculature. Treatment with bevacizumab, although effective as monotherapy, did not improve PDT outcome. In order to test for tumour vessel normalization effects, axitinib was also applied prior to PDT. The absence of improved PDT outcome in these experiments, as well as the lack of increased oxygenation in axitinib-treated tumours, suggests that vascular normalization did not occur. The current data imply that there is a future for certain anti-angiogenic agents to further improve the efficacy of photodynamic anti-cancer therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.