ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Differential expression of estrogen receptor α, β1, and β2 in lobular and ductal breast cancer.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Relative Effectiveness of Letrozole Compared With Tamoxifen for Patients With Lobular Carcinoma in the BIG 1-98 Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2015Trial
- Molecular insights into anti-cancer cyclotides and their interaction with breast cancer targets: an in silico study.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Nucleic sexual hormone receptor signaling pathways in breast cancer: function regulation, crosstalk, and therapeutic implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Overview of Optical Fiber Biosensors for the Detection of Cancer Biomarkers in the Past Decade.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages suppress estrogen receptor-β expression in triple-negative breast cancer through the PI3K/AKT pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword effect of estrogen in kidney disease and its precision modulation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Decoding BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation: a new frontier in understanding sporadic breast cancer.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Article
- Stromal COL11A1: Mechanisms of Stroma-Driven Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer and Biomarker Potential.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Nuclear receptors as novel regulators that modulate cancer radiosensitivity and normal tissue radiotoxicity.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- The Role of Heavy Metals in the Biology of Female Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Estrogen receptors and extracellular matrix: the critical interplay in cancer development and progression.The FEBS journal · 2025Review
- Mendelian randomization study identifying immune cell phenotypes associated with breast cancer risk.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Transcription factors and hormone receptors: Sex‑specific targets for cancer therapy (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- A Dynamic Shift in Estrogen Receptor Expression During Granulosa Cell Differentiation in the Ovary.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Integrating Network Pharmacology andCombinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- Progress of estrogen receptor and spliceosome in endometrial carcinoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Novel Molecular Classification of Breast Cancer with PET Imaging.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Review
- Genes Co-Expressed withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The role of estrogen receptor (ER) α as a target in treatment of breast cancer is clear, but those of ERβ1 and ERβ2 in the breast remain unclear. We have examined expression of all three receptors in surgically excised breast samples from two archives: (i): 187 invasive ductal breast cancer from a Japanese study; and (ii) 20 lobular and 24 ductal cancers from the Imperial College. Samples contained normal areas, areas of hyperplasia, and in situ and invasive cancer. In the normal areas, ERα was expressed in not more than 10% of epithelium, whereas approximately 80% of epithelial cells expressed ERβ. We found that whereas ductal cancer is a highly proliferative, ERα-positive, ERβ-negative disease, lobular cancer expresses both ERα and ERβ but with very few Ki67-positive cells. ERβ2 was expressed in 32% of the ductal cancers, of which 83% were postmenopausal. In all ERβ2-positive cancers the interductal space was filled with dense collagen, and cell nuclei expressed hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. ERβ2 expression was not confined to malignant cells but was strong in stromal, immune, and endothelial cells. In most of the high-grade invasive ductal cancers neither ERα nor ERβ was expressed, but in the high-grade lobular cancer ERβ was lost and ERα and Ki67 expression were abundant. The data show a clear difference in ER expression between lobular and ductal breast cancer and suggest (i) that tamoxifen may be more effective in late than in early lobular cancer and (ii) a potential role for ERβ agonists in preventing in situ ductal cancers from becoming invasive.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.