ArticlePrimary care respiratory journal : journal of the General Practice Airways Group2014
Are GOLD ABCD groups better associated with health status and costs than GOLD 1234 grades? A cross-sectional study.
Article in Primary care respiratory journal : journal of the General Practice Airways Group, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Quality Appraisal of Cost-Effectiveness Analyses of Pharmacologic Maintenance Treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Methodological Considerations and Recommendations.PharmacoEconomics · 2017Pooled it
- Exploring characteristics of COPD patients with clinical improvement after integrated disease management or usual care: post-hoc analysis of the RECODE study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2020Trial
- Physical Activity Characteristics across GOLD Quadrants Depend on the Questionnaire Used.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Does uptake of specialty care affect HRQoL development in COPD patients beneficially? A difference-in-difference analysis linking claims and survey data.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2023Article
- Associations Between Self-Management Behaviors and Psychological Resilience in Patients With COPD.Respiratory care · 2023Article
- Medication Adherence Assessment and Cost Analysis of COPD Treatment Under Out-Patient Clinic in Vietnam.Health services insights · 2023Article
- Prediction of COPD acute exacerbation in response to air pollution using exosomal circRNA profile and Machine learning.Environment international · 2022Article
- The annual direct costs of stable COPD in Greece.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018Article
- Characteristics and longitudinal progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in GOLD B patients.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2017Observational
- The pharmacological cost of COPD during Greek economic crisis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2017Article
- Implications of the GOLD COPD Classification and Guidelines.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2015Article
- A golden goal in 2010, and another GOLD in 2014 in primary care, or vice versa.Primary care respiratory journal : journal of the General Practice Airways Group · 2014Article
- Impact of Lung Function and Exacerbations on Health-Related Quality of Life in COPD Patients Within One Year: Real-World Analysis Based on Claims Data.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo investigate the association of the GOLD ABCD groups classification with costs and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and to compare this with the GOLD 1234 grades classification that was primarily based on lung function only.
methodsIn a cross-sectional study, we selected patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from electronic medical records of general practices. Multi-level analysis was used with costs (medication, primary care, healthcare, societal), diseasespecific and generic HR-QoL as independent variables. Either the new or the old GOLD stages were included in the analysis together with several covariates (age, gender, living situation, co-morbidity, self-efficacy, smoking, education, employment).
results611 patients from 28 general practices were categorised as GOLD-A (n=333), GOLD-B (n=110), GOLD-C (n=80) and GOLD-D (n=88). Patients in the GOLD-B and GOLD-D groups had the highest prevalence of co-morbidities and the lowest level of physical activity, self-efficacy, and employment. The models with GOLD ABCD groups were more strongly related to and explained more variance in costs and in disease-specific and generic HR-QoL than the models with GOLD 1234 grades. The mean Clinical COPD Questionnaire score worsened significantly, with scores 1.04 (GOLD-B), 0.4 (GOLD-C) and 1.21 (GOLD-D) worse than for patients in GOLD-A. Healthcare costs per patient were significantly higher in GOLD-B (72%), GOLD-C (74%) and GOLD-D (131%) patients than in GOLD-A patients.
conclusionsThe GOLD ABCD groups classification is more closely associated with costs and HR-QoL than the GOLD 1234 grades classification. Furthermore, patients with GOLD-C had a better HR-QoL than those with GOLD-B but the costs of the two groups did not differ.
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