ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2014
Cigarettes, genetic background, and menopausal timing: the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 genes is associated with increased risk of natural menopause in European-American smokers.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic Variation and Hot Flashes: A Systematic Review.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Pooled it
- The Effects of Environmental Contaminant Exposure on Reproductive Aging and the Menopause Transition.Current environmental health reports · 2022Review
- Transitioning to the menopausal transition: a scoping review of research on the late reproductive stage in reproductive aging.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Age of Natural Menopause Among Jordanian Women and Factors Related to Premature and Early Menopause.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Article
- Age at Menopause: Do Chemical Exposures Play a Role?Environmental health perspectives · 2017Article
- Environmental pollutants, a possible etiology for premature ovarian insufficiency: a narrative review of animal and human data.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Review
- Methods in a longitudinal cohort study of late reproductive age women: the Penn Ovarian Aging Study (POAS).Women's midlife health · 2016Article
- Endocrinology of the Menopause.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2015Review
- Smoking-Associated Site-Specific Differential Methylation in Buccal Mucosa in the COPDGene Study.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2015Article
- Factors affecting age of onset of menopause and determination of quality of life in menopause.Turkish journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to evaluate associations between variations in genes involved in the metabolism of environmental chemicals and steroid hormones and risk of menopause in smokers.
methodsSurvival analysis was performed on 410 eligible participants from the Penn Ovarian Aging study (ongoing for 14 years), a cohort study of late-reproductive-age women. Single nucleotide polymorphisms at the following loci were studied: COMT Val158Met, CYP1B1*4 Asn452Ser, CYP1B1*3 Leu432Val, and CYP3A4*1B.
resultsSignificant interactions between smoking and single nucleotide polymorphisms were observed in European-American carriers of CYP3A4*1B and CYP1B1*3, supporting a greater risk of menopause entry compared with those not carrying these alleles. Among CYP1B1*3 carriers, smokers had a greater risk of menopause entry than nonsmokers (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.26; 95% CI, 1.4-3.67; median time to menopause, 10.42 and 11.07 y, respectively). No association between smoking and menopause was identified in CYP1B1 wild types. Among CYP3A4*1B carriers, smokers were at greater risk for menopause entry than nonsmokers (adjusted HR, 15.1; 95% CI, 3.31-69.2; median time to menopause, 11.36 and 13.91 y, respectively). Risk of menopause entry in CYP3A4 wild types who smoked was far lower (adjusted HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.03-2.44). Heavily smoking CYP1B1*3 carriers (adjusted HR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.54-5.84; median time to menopause, 10.41 y) and heavily smoking CYP3A4*1B carriers (adjusted HR, 17.79; 95% CI, 3.21-98.65; median time to menopause, 5.09 y) had the greatest risk of menopause entry.
conclusionsOur finding that the risk of menopause entry in European-American smokers varies depending on genetic background represents a novel gene-environment interaction in reproductive aging.
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