ArticleJournal of affective disorders2014
Mood disorders and parity - a clue to the aetiology of the postpartum trigger.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for relapse or recurrence in women with bipolar disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder in the perinatal period: a systematic review.Archives of women's mental health · 2023Pooled it
- The global prevalence of postpartum psychosis: a systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- Bipolar disorder in pregnancy and childbirth: a systematic review of outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2016Pooled it
- Postpartum Psychosis and Bipolar Disorder: Review of Neurobiology and Expert Consensus Statement on Classification.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Postpartum Psychosis: could genetic vulnerability to insomnia or short sleep duration be protective?Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Review
- Psychotic Onset During the Second Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Cureus · 2025Article
- Longitudinal neuroanatomical increases from early to one-year postpartum.Brain structure & function · 2024Article
- Longitudinal Neuroanatomical Increases from Early to One-Year Postpartum.Research square · 2024Article
- Striking the Balance: Bipolar Disorder in the Perinatal Period.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Review
- Postpartum psychosis: A proposed treatment algorithm.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023Review
- Measurement invariance of maternal depressive symptoms across the first 2 years since birth and across racial group, education, income, primiparity, and age.Psychological assessment · 2023Article
- Risk of postpartum readmission for depression in relation to ischaemic placental disease: a population-based study.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Relationships Between Maternal Perinatal Mood, Sex of Infant, and Disappointment with Sex of Infant in a North American Sample.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Puerperal psychosis: an update.Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2023Article
- Zuranolone - synthetic neurosteroid in treatment of mental disorders: narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Review
- Postpartum Relapse in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Generational differences in the prevalence of postpartum depression among young Australians: a comparison of two cohorts born 17 years apart.Archives of women's mental health · 2022Article
- An evaluation of symptom domains in the 2 years before pregnancy as predictors of relapse in the perinatal period in women with severe mental illness.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2021Article
- Phenomenology, Epidemiology and Aetiology of Postpartum Psychosis: A Review.Brain sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEpisodes of postpartum psychosis have been associated with first pregnancies in women with bipolar I disorder. It is unclear, however, if the effect extends to episodes at other times in relation to childbirth and to women with other mood disorders such as major depression and bipolar II disorder. This primiparity effect, which is also seen in other pregnancy related conditions such as pre-eclampsia, is a potentially important clue to the aetiology of childbirth related mood episodes.
methodsParticipants were interviewed and case notes reviewed. Best-estimate diagnoses were made according to DSM-IV criteria. Data on the occurrence of episodes in pregnancy and the postpartum were available on 3345 full term deliveries from 1667 participants, 934 with bipolar I disorder (BD-I), 278 with bipolar II disorder (BD-II) and 455 with recurrent major depression (RMD).
resultsOnsets of psychosis/mania within 6 weeks of childbirth were overrepresented in primiparae (p=0.007) with BD-I. Although primiparity was not associated with perinatal bipolar depression, there was an association with the onset of depression within 6 weeks in women with RMD (p=0.035). Whilst women experiencing a postpartum episode were less likely to go on to have further children, this did not account for the association with primiparity. LIMITATIONS: Data were collected retrospectively. Information on pharmacological treatment was not available.
conclusionsPrimiparity is associated not only with postpartum psychosis/mania in BD-I, but also with postpartum depression in RMD. Psychosocial factors and biological differences between first and subsequent pregnancies may play a role and are candidates for examination in further studies.
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