ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2014
Prevalence and incidence of HIV infection, trends, and risk factors among persons aged 15-64 years in Kenya: results from a nationally representative study.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health disparities across the counties of Kenya and implications for policy makers, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.The Lancet. Global health · 2019Pooled it
- HIV Social-network intervention more effective in older populations in Kenya.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- Pathways for HIV Prevention Behaviors Following a Home-Based Couples Intervention for Pregnant Women and Male Partners in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2020Trial
- Text messaging for maternal and infant retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services: A pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial in Kenya.PLoS medicine · 2019Trial
- Index participant characteristics and HIV assisted partner services efficacy in Kenya: results of a cluster randomized trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Promoting Partner Testing and Couples Testing through Secondary Distribution of HIV Self-Tests: A Randomized Clinical Trial.PLoS medicine · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Sex Differences in HIV Prevalence Persist over Time: Evidence from 18 Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2016Trial
- HIV prevalence and associated factors among women in urban Ethiopia: findings from the Ethiopian Population-based HIV Impact Assessment.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Factors Influencing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Results in Mozambique: A Multivariate Approach to Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Cultural Influences.Health science reports · 2026Article
- HIV incidence among sexually active young males and females in Kisumu County, Western Kenya.PloS one · 2026Article
- Exploring the influence of age, gender, stigma, and years living with HIV on mental health outcomes.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Applying the Effective Programme Coverage framework to assess gaps in HIV prevention programmes for female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya: findings from an expanded Polling Booth Survey.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Cervical cancer management in a low resource setting: A 10-year review in a tertiary care hospital in Kenya.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2024Article
- Predicting the individualized risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among sexually active women in Ethiopia using a nomogram: prediction model development and validation.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Trends of HIV Infection and Progress Towards the 95-95-95 Targets in Gambella Regional State from 2019 to 2023, Southwest ETHIOPIA.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Optimizing HIV case identification: investigating client characteristics predictive of HIV positivity from provider-initiated testing (PITC) in central Kenya.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Burden of HIV and treatment outcomes among TB patients in rural Kenya: a 9-year longitudinal study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEnhanced HIV surveillance using demographic, behavioral, and biologic data from national surveys can provide information to evaluate and respond to HIV epidemics efficiently.
methodsFrom October 2012 to February 2013, we conducted a 2-stage cluster sampling survey of persons aged 18 months to 64 years in 9 geographic regions in Kenya. Participants answered questionnaires and provided blood for HIV testing. We estimated HIV prevalence, HIV incidence, described trends in HIV prevalence over the past 5 years, and identified factors associated with HIV infection. This analysis was restricted to persons aged 15-64 years.
resultsHIV prevalence was 5.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9 to 6.3] in 2012, a significant decrease from 2007, when HIV prevalence, excluding the North Eastern region, was 7.2% (95% CI: 6.6 to 7.9). HIV incidence was 0.5% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.9) in 2012. Among women, factors associated with undiagnosed HIV infection included being aged 35-39 years, divorced or separated, from urban residences and Nyanza region, self-perceiving a moderate risk of HIV infection, condom use with the last partner in the previous 12 months, and reporting 4 or more lifetime number of partners. Among men, widowhood, condom use with the last partner in the previous 12 months, and lack of circumcision were associated with undiagnosed HIV infection.
conclusionsHIV prevalence has declined in Kenya since 2007. With improved access to treatment, HIV prevalence has become more challenging to interpret without data on new infections and mortality. Correlates of undiagnosed HIV infection provide important information on where to prioritize prevention interventions to reduce transmission of HIV in the broader population.
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