Observational studyChildhood obesity (Print)2014
Active commuting to elementary school and adiposity: an observational study.
Observational study in Childhood obesity (Print), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Physical Activity and Indicators of Overweight/Obesity and Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Risk in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Prospective Epidemiological Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials in Western Countries.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Influence of neighbourhood safety on childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2017Pooled it
- Bicycle Trains, Cycling, and Physical Activity: A Pilot Cluster RCT.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Trial
- Article
- Patterns of Active Commuting to School in Spanish Preschool Children and Its Associations with Socio-Economic Factors: The PREFIT Project.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Step-Based Metrics and Overall Physical Activity in Children With Overweight or Obesity: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
- Is the decline of active travel to school unavoidable by-products of economic growth and urbanization in developing countries?Sustainable cities and society · 2019Article
- Actual neighborhood-level crime predicts body mass index z-score changes in a multi-racial/ethnic sample of children.Preventive medicine reports · 2018Article
- Changes in Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectations From Child Participation in Bicycle Trains for Commuting to and From School.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2018Article
- Transit Use by Children and Adolescents: An Overlooked Source of and Opportunity for Physical Activity?Journal of physical activity & health · 2016Article
- Write, draw, show, and tell: a child-centred dual methodology to explore perceptions of out-of-school physical activity.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Increasing Children's Physical Activity During the School Day.Current obesity reports · 2015Review
- Childhood obesity and the metabolic syndrome.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2014Review
- A cross-sectional examination of socio-demographic and school-level correlates of children's school travel mode in Ottawa, Canada.BMC public health · 2014Article
- A cross-sectional study of demographic, environmental and parental barriers to active school travel among children in the United States.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundActive commuting to school (ACS; walking or cycling to school) appears promising for decreasing children's obesity risk, although long-term studies are sparse. The aim was to examine whether kindergarten ACS was associated with fifth-grade adiposity.
methodsThis study was a secondary analysis of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten (n=7938). Enrollment in kindergarten (1998-1999) was nationally representative of the United States and follow-up occurred in 2004. Kindergarten ACS was the main exposure variable and fifth-grade BMI z-score was the main outcome measure. Covariates included (1) neighborhood safety and BMI z-score in kindergarten and (2) demographics (i.e., age, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, single- vs. two-parent households, region of country, and urbanicity in fifth grade). Three interactions were included: school travel*neighborhood safety; school travel*BMI z-score (kindergarten); and school travel*socioeconomic status. Analysis of covariance accounted for the complex sampling design.
resultsKindergarten ACS was associated with lower BMI z-score in fifth grade. The interaction of school travel*neighborhood safety indicated that children from less-safe neighborhoods who did ACS in kindergarten had a lower fifth-grade BMI z-score (p<0.05) than their peers who did not do ACS in kindergarten (i.e., in terms of BMI, this difference was -0.49 kg/m(2) for children of average height in less-safe neighborhoods).
conclusionAmong children from less-safe neighborhoods, kindergarten ACS independently predicted lower BMI z-score in fifth grade among a national US cohort. Interventions and policies to increase ACS among young children, especially from unsafe neighborhoods, are warranted and should address parents' safety concerns.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.