Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24441737›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2014

Genome of the human hookworm Necator americanus.

Yat T Tang, Xin Gao, Bruce A Rosa, Sahar Abubucker, Kymberlie Hallsworth-Pepin, John Martin, Rahul Tyagi, Esley Heizer, Xu Zhang, Veena Bhonagiri-Palsikar and 19 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
108citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
17.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

108 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 204 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Chromosome-ContiguousInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
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  17. Novel antiinflammatory biologics shaped by parasite-host coevolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors at 11 institutions in 4 countries.

Yat T Tang *The Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Xin Gao *The Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bruce A Rosa *The Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Sahar AbubuckerThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Kymberlie Hallsworth-PepinThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
John MartinThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Rahul TyagiThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Esley HeizerThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Xu ZhangThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Veena Bhonagiri-PalsikarThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Patrick MinxThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Wesley C WarrenThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Qi WangThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bin ZhanDepartment of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Peter J HotezDepartment of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Paul W SternbergDivision of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA.
Annette DougallCentre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Soraya Torres GazeCentre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Jason MulvennaQueensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Javier SotilloCentre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Shoba RanganathanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Elida M RabeloDepartamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Richard W WilsonThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Philip L FelgnerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.
Jeffrey BethonyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
John M HawdonDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
Robin B GasserFaculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Alex LoukasCentre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Makedonka MitrevaThe Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Washington University in St. Louis · USJames Cook University · AUGeorge Washington University · USSabin Vaccine Institute · USAustralian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine · AUCalifornia Institute of Technology · USNational University of Singapore · SGQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute · AUUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais · BRUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Melbourne · AU

Funding

Large Scale Genome SequencingU54HG003079 · NHGRI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI DUTCHER, SUSAN K · 2004 to 2016
$445.7M
Vaccines and Diagnostics TrialsU54AI065359 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI BARBOUR, ALAN G. · 2005 to 2013
$88.8M
COMPARATIVE GENOMICS OF PARASITIC NEMATODESR01AI081803 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MITREVA, MAKEDONKA · 2009 to 2018
$3.1M
EVOLUTION OF THE NEMATODE INTESTINE, A KEY HOST INTERFACER01GM097435 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MITREVA, MAKEDONKA · 2011 to 2019
$2.1M
COMPARATIVE GENOMICS OF PARASITIC NEMATODESR56AI081803 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MITREVA, MAKEDONKA · 2019 to 2019
$697k
NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG003079NHGRI NIH HHS U54HG003079NIAID NIH HHS AI081803NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI081803NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI081803NIAID NIH HHS U54AI065359NIGMS NIH HHS GM097435NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM097435
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The hookworm Necator americanus is the predominant soil-transmitted human parasite. Adult worms feed on blood in the small intestine, causing iron-deficiency anemia, malnutrition, growth and development stunting in children, and severe morbidity and mortality during pregnancy in women. We report sequencing and assembly of the N. americanus genome (244 Mb, 19,151 genes). Characterization of this first hookworm genome sequence identified genes orchestrating the hookworm's invasion of the human host, genes involved in blood feeding and development, and genes encoding proteins that represent new potential drug targets against hookworms. N. americanus has undergone a considerable and unique expansion of immunomodulator proteins, some of which we highlight as potential treatments against inflammatory diseases. We also used a protein microarray to demonstrate a postgenomic application of the hookworm genome sequence. This genome provides an invaluable resource to boost ongoing efforts toward fundamental and applied postgenomic research, including the development of new methods to control hookworm and human immunological diseases.

Indexed as

Genome, HelminthAnimalsCaenorhabditis elegansFemaleGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHost-Parasite InteractionsHumansMaleMolecular Sequence DataNecator americanusNecatoriasisPregnancySpecies Specificity

Identifiers

PMID24441737
PMCPMC3978129
OpenAlexW2046649749

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.