ReviewExperimental gerontology2014
Mucosal adjuvants for vaccines to control upper respiratory infections in the elderly.
Review in Experimental gerontology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal Vaccine Development: From Adjuvant Design to Next-Generation Delivery Strategies.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Mucosal Immunity: The Key to Combating Enteroviruses and Beyond.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- Enhancing vaccine effectiveness in the elderly to counter antibiotic resistance: The potential of adjuvants via pattern recognition receptors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- A gram-positive enhancer matrix particles vaccine displaying swine influenza virus hemagglutinin protects mice against lethal H1N1 viral challenge.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The Respiratory Commensal BacteriumVaccines · 2023Article
- New-age vaccine adjuvants, their development, and future perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- As Plain as the Nose on Your Face: The Case for A Nasal (Mucosal) Route of Vaccine Administration for Covid-19 Disease Prevention.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Aging exacerbates mortality ofAging · 2018Article
- A Single Intramuscular Dose of a Plant-Made Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Elicits a Balanced Humoral and Cellular Response and Protects Young and Aged Mice from Influenza H1N1 Virus Challenge despite a Modest/Absent Humoral Response.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Article
- Microbiota-derived butyrate suppresses group 3 innate lymphoid cells in terminal ileal Peyer's patches.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Pneumococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Immunity in the Elderly.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2017Review
- Mucosal adjuvants: Opportunities and challenges.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- Pneumococcal Vaccination Strategies. An Update and Perspective.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2016Review
- Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae are two major pathogens that lead to significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Since both pathogens enter the host via the mucosa, especially the upper respiratory tract (URT), it is essential to elicit pathogen-specific secretory IgA (SIgA) antibody (Ab) responses at mucosal surfaces for defense of the elderly. However, as aging occurs, alterations in the mucosal immune system of older individuals result in a failure to induce SIgA Abs for protection from these infections. To overcome mucosal immunosenescence, we have developed a mucosal dendritic cell targeting, novel double adjuvant system which we show to be an attractive and effective immunological modulator. This system induces a more balanced Th1- and Th2-type cytokine response which supports both mucosal SIgA and systemic IgG1 and IgG2a Ab responses. Thus, adaptation of this adjuvant system to nasal vaccines for influenza virus and S. pneumoniae could successfully provide protection by supporting pathogen-specific SIgA Ab responses in the URT in the mouse model of aging. In summary, a double adjuvant system is considered to be an attractive and potentially important strategy for the future development of mucosal vaccines for the elderly.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.