ArticleCell2014
Sphingolipids from a symbiotic microbe regulate homeostasis of host intestinal natural killer T cells.
Article in Cell, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 366 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
366 citing papers in PubMed, 621 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota shaping fatty liver disease progression.Life science alliance · 2027Review
- Mucin-degrading gut bacteria: context-dependent roles in intestinal homeostasis and disease.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Bacterial lipid structural diversity mediates commensalism and pathogenesis.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Metabolic shifts driven by host-microbial interactions.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
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- Purine and pyrimidine-based bacterial cyclic dinucleotides egress the phagosome and activate the innate immune sensor STING.Immunity · 2026Article
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- Rewriting Inflammation in IBD: Lipidomics from Pathogenesis to Clinical Application.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- High early-life gut Bacteroides links to microbiome stability, resilience, and risk for childhood infections.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Early-life Wnt4 expressing colon stromal cells orchestrate lifelong mucosal homeostasis via BMP-driven iNKT cell imprinting.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sinomenine ameliorates experimental autoimmune neuritis by suppressing pro-inflammatory immune components and restoring immune balance.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Early-Life Gut Microbiota: Education of the Immune System and Links to Autoimmune Diseases.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Editorial: Host-microbiota immuno-interactions for personalized microbial therapeutics, volume II.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Lipid-derived microbial metabolites at the gut-liver interface: regulation of intestinal barrier function, immune signaling, and metabolic inflammation.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Guardians within: Cross-talk between the gut microbiome and host immune system.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Gut bacteria-derived sphingolipids alter innate immune responses to oral cholera vaccine antigens.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Gut microbes-spinal connection is required for itch sensation.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Commensal bacterial glycosylation at the interface of host-bacteria interactions.Gut microbes · 2025Review
306 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Coevolution of beneficial microorganisms with the mammalian intestine fundamentally shapes mammalian physiology. Here, we report that the intestinal microbe Bacteroides fragilis modifies the homeostasis of host invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells by supplementing the host's endogenous lipid antigen milieu with unique inhibitory sphingolipids. The process occurs early in life and effectively impedes iNKT cell proliferation during neonatal development. Consequently, total colonic iNKT cell numbers are restricted into adulthood, and hosts are protected against experimental iNKT cell-mediated, oxazolone-induced colitis. In studies with neonatal mice lacking access to bacterial sphingolipids, we found that treatment with B. fragilis glycosphingolipids-exemplified by an isolated peak (MW = 717.6) called GSL-Bf717-reduces colonic iNKT cell numbers and confers protection against oxazolone-induced colitis in adulthood. Our results suggest that the distinctive inhibitory capacity of GSL-Bf717 and similar molecules may prove useful in the treatment of autoimmune and allergic disorders in which iNKT cell activation is destructive.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.