ArticleBMJ open2014
Analysis of the bereavement effect after the death of a spouse in the Amish: a population-based retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cultural and Religious Complexities of Amish-Focused Mental Health Conditions Research: Insights from an Exhaustive Narrative Review and Case Study of Counseling Controversies.Mental health, religion & culture · 2023Article
- Effect of Spousal Loss on Depression in Older Adults: Impacts of Time Passing, Living Arrangement, and Spouse's Health Status before Death.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Research Trends in Amish Population Health, a Growing Literature about a Growing Rural Population.Journal of rural social sciences · 2021Article
- Physical activity to overcome the adversity of widowhood: Benefits beyond physical health.Medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study investigates the association between bereavement and the mortality of a surviving spouse among Amish couples. We hypothesised that the bereavement effect would be relatively small in the Amish due to the unusually cohesive social structure of the Amish that might attenuate the loss of spousal support.
designPopulation-based cohort study.
settingThe USA.
participants10,892 Amish couples born during 1725-1900 located in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana. All the participants are deceased. OUTCOME MEASURES: The survival time is 'age'; event is 'death'. Hazard ratios (HRs) of widowed individuals with respect to gender, age at widowhood, remarriage, the number of surviving children and time since bereavement.
resultsWe observed HRs for widowhood ranging from 1.06 to 1.26 over the study period (nearly all differences significant at p<0.05). Mortality risks tended to be higher in men than in women and in younger compared with older bereaved spouses. There were significantly increased mortality risks in widows and widowers who did not remarry. We observed a higher number of surviving children to be associated with increased mortality in men and women. Mortality risk following bereavement was higher in the first 6 months among men and women.
conclusionsWe conclude that bereavement effects remain apparent even in this socially cohesive Amish community. Remarriage is associated with a significant decrease in the mortality risk among Amish individuals. Contrary to results from previous studies, an increase in the number of surviving children was associated with decreased survival rate.
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Registered trials
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