ArticleHospital pediatrics2013
Practice Variance, Prevalence, and Economic Burden of Premature Infants Diagnosed With GERD.
Article in Hospital pediatrics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Safety and efficacy of proton pump inhibitors in preterm infants with gastroesophageal reflux disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Association between gastroesophageal reflux and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Feeding Strategies With Acid Suppression on Esophageal Reflexes in Human Neonates With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2020Trial
- Individualising care in severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a series of N-of-1 trials comparing transpyloric and gastric feeding.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2020Trial
- Hospital costs for infants with brief resolved unexplained events given a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Article
- [Research progress and clinical practice considerations on assessment tools for gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants and young children].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Review
- Distinct gastroesophageal reflux characteristics in preterm-born infants fed human milk versus formula: insights for clinical practice on outcomes.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Gastroesophageal reflux during postpyloric versus gastric tube feeding in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Observational
- Medical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux in the neonatal intensive care unit: current practice.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- [Expert consensus on enteral nutrition management for preterm infants in special situations (2024)].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Article
- Characteristics of esophageal refluxate and symptoms in infants compared between pre-treatment and on treatment with proton pump inhibitors.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024Article
- Change of Sleep Stage during Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pediatric Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: An Evidence-Based Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Neonatal gastroesophageal reflux.Early human development · 2022Article
- Impact of esophageal mucosal permeability markers on provocation-induced esophageal reflexes in high-risk infants.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Symptom Scores and pH-Impedance: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial in Infants Treated for Gastroesophageal Reflux.Gastro hep advances · 2022Article
- Diagnostic utility of impedance-pH monitoring in infants of diabetic mothers with oral feeding difficulties.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- Differentiating esophageal sensitivity phenotypes using pH-impedance in intensive care unit infants referred for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.Pediatric research · 2021Article
- Prolonging gavage feeds for reduction of gastroesophageal reflux in infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2020Article
- The enigma of gastroesophageal reflux disease among convalescing infants in the NICU: It is time to rethink.International journal of pediatrics & adolescent medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the practice variance, prevalence, and economic burden of clinically diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in preterm infants.
methodsApplying a retrospective cohort study design, we analyzed data from 18 567 preterm infants of 22 to 36 weeks' gestation and >400 g birth weight from the NICUs of 33 freestanding children's hospitals in the United States. GERD prevalence, comorbidities, and demographic factors were examined for their association with average length of stay (LOS) and hospitalization cost.
resultsOverall, 10.3% of infants received a diagnosis of GERD (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.8-10.7). There was a 13-fold variation in GERD rates across hospitals (P < .001). GERD diagnosis was significantly (P < .05) associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis, as well as congenital anomalies and decreased birth weight. GERD diagnosis was associated with $70 489 (95% CI: 62 184-78 794) additional costs per discharge and 29.9 additional days in LOS (95% CI: 27.3-32.5).
conclusionsOne in 10 of these premature NICU infants were diagnosed with GERD, which is associated with substantially increased LOS and elevated costs. Better diagnostic and management strategies are needed to evaluate reflux-type symptoms in this vulnerable NICU population.
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