ReviewThe Indian journal of medical research2013
Immunological mechanisms of hepatitis B virus persistence in newborns.
Review in The Indian journal of medical research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of hepatitis B virus on the risk of pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Associations between hepatitis B virus basal core promoter/pre-core region mutations and the risk of acute-on-chronic liver failure: a meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2015Pooled it
- Vaccination Schedule and Age Influence Impaired Responsiveness to Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Randomized Trial in Central Asia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Targeting hepatitis B virus-associated nephropathy: efficacy and challenges of current antiviral treatments.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Neuropilin-1Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Article
- Hepatitis B in Pediatric Population: Observational Retrospective Study in Romania.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- The relationship of maternal hepatitis B e antigen and response to vaccination of infants born to women with chronic infection.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus-An Update.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- The Gut-Liver Axis in Pediatric Liver Health and Disease.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Solely HBsAg intrauterine exposure accelerates HBV clearance by promoting HBs-specific immune response in the mouse pups.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Management of hepatitis B and C in special population.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- High-frequency and activation of CD4Veterinary research · 2021Article
- Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Pregnancy: Immunological Response, Natural Course and Pregnancy Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Persistence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Multi-Faceted Player for Hepatocarcinogenesis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- The Multiple Functions of B Cells in Chronic HBV Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Comparison of antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination in infants with positive or negative maternal hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in cord blood: implication for the role of HBeAg as an immunotolerogen.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Article
- Mechanisms and Prevention of Vertical Transmission in Chronic Viral Hepatitis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2017Review
- Interferon Gamma Gene Polymorphism (+874 T > A) and Chronic Hepatitis B in the Population of Gorgan, North-Eastern Iran.Jundishapur journal of microbiology · 2016Article
- Regulatory T-cells promote hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma progression.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects millions of people worldwide and about a half million people die every year. India represents the second largest pool of chronic HBV infection worldwide with an estimated 40 million infected people. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection in pregnant women is shown to be 0.82 per cent with the risk of mother-to-child vertical transmission. Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positivity indicates replicative form of HBV which may play a role in immunotolerance in utero by crossing the placenta. In case of HBeAg positivity and high viral load of mother, HBV immunoglobulin is preferably given along with HBV vaccination. Antiviral therapy is recommended for use in the third trimester of pregnancy to reduce the perinatal transmission of HBV, however, use of antiviral therapy should be individualized during pregnancy. Chronic HBV infection in neonates is linked with strong presence of Tregs (T regulatory cells) and defective CD8 T cells pool to produce interferon (IFN)-γ. T cell receptor (TCRζ) chain defects were also associated with decreased CD8 T cell dysfunction. Decreased TCRζ expression could be due to persistent intrauterine exposure of the viral antigens early in embryonic development leading to immune tolerance to HBV antigens in the newborns positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg+ve). Therefore, due to HBV infection, T cell tolerance to HBV-antigen may probably leave the newborn as a chronic carrier. However, HBV vaccination may have benefits in restoring acquired immunity and better production of HBV specific antibodies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24434322PMC3928700W1590960909What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.