Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24431411›Full record

ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2014

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy and colorectal cancer risk.

George A Makar, John H Holmes, Yu-Xiao Yang

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Renin-angiotensin system blockade for the risk of cancer and death.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS · 2016
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Systemic Diseases and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk.Journal of cancer & allied specialties · 2023
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

George A MakarAffiliations of authors: Division of Gastroenterology (GAM, Y-XY) and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (GAM, JHH, Y-XY), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
John H Holmes
Yu-Xiao Yang
University of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY TRAINING IN GASTROENTEROLOGYT32DK007740 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI James D Lewis · 1997 to 2026
$9.2M
NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007740NIDDK NIH HHS T32-DK007740
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLaboratory data suggest a role of angiotensin II in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) and/or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use reduces the risk of colorectal neoplasia remains unclear. Given their widespread use, we sought to determine whether exposure to these agents would have a secondary benefit on CRC incidence.

methodsA nested case-control study was conducted using EPIC's General Practice Research Database (1987-2002). The study cohort consisted of hypertensive patients. Case patients were those diagnosed with CRC after the diagnosis of hypertension. Each case patient was matched to up to 10 control subjects on age, sex, and both calendar year and duration of follow-up using incidence density sampling. The association between CRC and ACE-I/ARB exposure was assessed with conditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided.

resultsTwo thousand eight-hundred forty-seven case patients were matched with 28239 control subjects. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of CRC were 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72 to 0.98; P = .03) for or more years of ACE-I/ARB therapy and 0.75 (95% CI = 0.58 to 0.97; P = .03) for 5 or more years of exposure. The strength of this association increased with high-dose exposure (OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.79; P = .003 for ≥3 years of high-dose exposure). Among patients receiving antihypertensive medications, the association with long-term therapy was no longer statistically significant for ≥5 years), but the benefit of high-dose therapy remained (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.39 to 0.89; P = .01 for ≥3 years of high-dose exposure).

conclusionsLong-term/high dose exposure to ACE-Is/ARBs may be associated with a decreased incidence of CRC.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAnticarcinogenic AgentsAntihypertensive AgentsCase-Control StudiesColorectal NeoplasmsDatabases, FactualDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleHumansHypertensionIncidenceLogistic ModelsMaleAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAnticarcinogenic AgentsAntihypertensive AgentsProtective Agents

Identifiers

PMID24431411
PMCPMC3952198
OpenAlexW1974439234

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.