ArticleClinical pharmacokinetics2014
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of empagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor.
Article in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 215 citations in OpenAlex.
- SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Heart Failure: A Model-Based Meta-Analysis.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Pooled it
- A model-based meta analysis study of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- A Model-Informed Approach to Accelerate the Clinical Development of Janagliflozin, an Innovative SGLT2 Inhibitor.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2017Pooled it
- The Effect of Canagliflozin Dose on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and High Cardiovascular Risk.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026 · on this mapTrial
- Limited Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors on Appetite and Body Weight: Evidence From Clinical and Rodent Studies.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Trial
- To investigate the effect of a high-fat diet on pharmacokinetics/renal function/RAAS-related parameters after a single dose of empagliflozin in healthy Chinese adults.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Trial
- The Comparison of the Effect of Adding Empagliflozin to the Medication Regimen on Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Type II Diabetes: A Double Blind Randomised Clinical Trial.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Fixed-Dose Versus Separate Enavogliflozin/Gemigliptin Combinations, and Food Effect on Enavogliflozin in Healthy Korean Subjects.Clinical and translational science · 2025Trial
- Empagliflozin Effects in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI: The EMI-STEMI Randomized Clinical Trial.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of empagliflozin as adjunctive therapy to citalopram in major depressive disorder: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Comparison of the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Two Empagliflozin Formulations in Healthy Korean Subjects.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Trial
- No Relevant Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interaction Between the Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin and Lobeglitazone, a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Agonist, in Healthy Subjects.Drug design, development and therapy · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Empagliflozin in Healthy Egyptian Volunteers Using LC-MS/MS and Comparison with Other Ethnic Populations.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Absence of Drug-Drug Interactions Between Luseogliflozin, a Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitor, and Various Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Healthy Japanese Males.Advances in therapy · 2015Trial
- Comparative hepatic effectiveness of empagliflozin vs dapagliflozin among individuals with type 2 diabetes and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective effects of empagliflozin and metformin combined therapy on rotenone induced Parkinsonism in Wistar rats via PI3K and PPARγ modulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Empagliflozin inhibits the apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells through amelioration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.Metabolism open · 2026Article
- SGLT-2 Inhibitor-Induced Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Masked by Concurrent Pneumoperitoneum Following Spinal Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Empagliflozin is an orally active, potent and selective inhibitor of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), currently in clinical development to improve glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SGLT2 inhibitors, including empagliflozin, are the first pharmacological class of antidiabetes agents to target the kidney in order to remove excess glucose from the body and, thus, offer new options for T2DM management. SGLT2 inhibitors exert their effects independently of insulin. Following single and multiple oral doses (0.5-800 mg), empagliflozin was rapidly absorbed and reached peak plasma concentrations after approximately 1.33-3.0 h, before showing a biphasic decline. The mean terminal half-life ranged from 5.6 to 13.1 h in single rising-dose studies, and from 10.3 to 18.8 h in multiple-dose studies. Following multiple oral doses, increases in exposure were dose-proportional and trough concentrations remained constant after day 6, indicating a steady state had been reached. Oral clearance at steady state was similar to corresponding single-dose values, suggesting linear pharmacokinetics with respect to time. No clinically relevant alterations in pharmacokinetics were observed in mild to severe hepatic impairment, or in mild to severe renal impairment and end-stage renal disease. Clinical studies did not reveal any relevant drug-drug interactions with several other drugs commonly prescribed to patients with T2DM, including warfarin. Urinary glucose excretion (UGE) rates were higher with empagliflozin versus placebo and increased with dose, but no relevant impact on 24-h urine volume was observed. Increased UGE resulted in proportional reductions in fasting plasma glucose and mean daily glucose concentrations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.