ArticleParasites & vectors2014
Temporal and spatial expression of cuticular proteins of Anopheles gambiae implicated in insecticide resistance or differentiation of M/S incipient species.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated transcriptomic and variant analysis reveals molecular mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in a genetically homogenized Cas9 strain of Aedes aegypti.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Transcriptome-based screening of regulator genes for sexual dimorphism in pupae of Callipogon relictus.Genes & genomics · 2025Article
- A Leg Cuticle Protein Enhances the Resistance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Panoramic view of diversity and function of cuticular proteins in insects and mosquitoes biology.Frontiers in insect science · 2025Review
- Comparative Proteomics of Resistant and Susceptible Strains of Frankliniella occidentalis to Abamectin.Electrophoresis · 2025Article
- The impact of agrochemical pollutant mixtures on the selection of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: insights from experimental evolution and transcriptomics.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Cuticular profiling of insecticide resistant Aedes aegypti.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Resistance to the larvicide temephos and altered egg and larval surfaces characterize salinity-tolerant Aedes aegypti.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The transcriptomic profile of Spodoptera frugiperda differs in response to a novel insecticide, cyproflanilide, compared to chlorantraniliprole and avermectin.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- CPR63 promotes pyrethroid resistance by increasing cuticle thickness in Culex pipiens pallens.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of resistance and short-term induction response to pyrethroids, in Anopheles coluzzii legs.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Cuticular Protein Genes Responding to Different Insecticides in Fall ArmywormInsects · 2021Article
- Transcriptomic, proteomic and ultrastructural studies on salinity-tolerant Aedes aegypti in the context of rising sea levels and arboviral disease epidemiology.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Phenotypic Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae): Specific Characterization of Underlying Resistance Mechanisms Still Matters.Journal of medical entomology · 2021Article
- Comparative proteomics reveals mechanisms that underlie insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Transcription factor FTZ-F1 regulates mosquito cuticular protein CPLCG5 conferring resistance to pyrethroids in Culex pipiens pallens.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Identification and temporal expression profiles of cuticular proteins in the endoparasitoid wasp, Microplitis mediator.Insect science · 2020Article
- Insecticidal Activity and Insecticidal Mechanism of Total Saponins fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Culex pipiens pallens cuticular protein CPLCG5 participates in pyrethroid resistance by forming a rigid matrix.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Contributions of cuticle permeability and enzyme detoxification to pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.Scientific reports · 2017Article
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3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPublished data revealed that two of the 243 structural cuticular proteins of Anopheles gambiae, CPLCG3 and CPLCG4, are implicated in insecticide resistance and a third, CPF3, has far higher transcript levels in M than in S incipient species. We studied the distribution of transcripts for these three genes in the tissues of An. gambiae and the location of the proteins in the cuticle itself to gain information about how these cuticular proteins contribute to their important roles. Our data are consistent with CPLCG3/4 contributing to a thicker cuticle thus slowing penetration of insecticides and CPF3 possibly having a role in the greater desiccation tolerance of the M form.
methodsUsing RT-qPCR, we established the temporal expression of the genes and by in situ hybridization we revealed the main tissues where their mRNAs are found. Electron microscopy immunolocalization, using secondary antibodies labeled with colloidal gold, allowed us to localize these proteins within different regions of the cuticle.
resultsThe temporal expression of these genes overlaps, albeit with higher levels of transcripts from CPF3 in pharate adults and both CPLCG3 and CPLCG4 are higher in animals immediately after adult eclosion. The main location of mRNAs for all three genes is in appendages and genitalia. In contrast, the location of their proteins within the cuticle is completely different. CPF3 is found exclusively in exocuticle and CPLCG3/4 is restricted to the endocuticle. The other CPF gene expressed at the same times, CPF4, in addition to appendages, has message in pharate adult sclerites.
conclusionsThe temporal and spatial differences in transcript abundance and protein localization help to account for An. gambiae devoting about 2% of its protein coding genes to structural cuticular proteins. The location of CPLCG3/4 in the endocuticle may contribute to the thickness of the cuticle, one of the recently appreciated components of insecticide resistance, while the location of CPF3 might be related to the greater desiccation resistance of the M form.
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