Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24427264›Full record

Trial reportPloS one2014

Costs of promoting exclusive breastfeeding at community level in three sites in South Africa.

Lungiswa Leonora Nkonki, Emmanuelle Daviaud, Debra Jackson, Lumbwe Chola, Tanya Doherty, Mickey Chopra, Bjarne Robberstad, Promise-EBF Study Group

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00397150 (PROMISE EBF), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00397150 nacompletednot on this map

PROMISE EBF: Promoting Infant Health and Nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and Efficacy of Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion in the Era of HIV

TypeinterventionalSponsorCentre For International HealthRan2006 to 2011Enrolled2,579ConditionsDiarrheaArmsPeer-support for exclusive breastfeeding
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
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  3. Support for healthy breastfeeding mothers with healthy term babies.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lungiswa Leonora NkonkiHealth Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa ; Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ; Division of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Emmanuelle DaviaudHealth Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa.
Debra JacksonSchool of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
Lumbwe CholaDivision of Community Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Tanya DohertyHealth Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa ; School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
Mickey ChopraUNICEF, New York, New York, United States of America.
Bjarne RobberstadCentre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Promise-EBF Study Group

Funding

Medical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCommunity-based peer support has been shown to be effective in improving exclusive breastfeeding rates in a variety of settings.

methodsWe conducted a cost analysis of a community cluster randomised-controlled trial (Promise-EBF), aimed at promoting exclusive infant feeding in three sites in South Africa. The costs were considered from the perspective of health service providers. Peer supporters in this trial visited women to support exclusive infant feeding, once antenatally and four times postpartum.

resultsThe total economic cost of the Promise-EBF intervention was US$393 656, with average costs per woman and per visit of US$228 and US$52, respectively. The average costs per woman and visit in an operational 'non research' scenario were US$137 and US$32 per woman and visit, respectively. Investing in the promotion of exclusive infant feeding requires substantial financial commitment from policy makers. Extending the tasks of multi-skilled community health workers (CHWs) to include promoting exclusive infant feeding is a potential option for reducing these costs. In order to avoid efficiency losses, we recommend that the time requirements for delivering the promotion of exclusive infant feeding are considered when integrating it within the existing activities of CHWs. DISCUSSION: This paper focuses on interventions for exclusive infant feeding, but its findings more generally illustrate the importance of documenting and quantifying factors that affect the feasibility and sustainability of community-based interventions, which are receiving increased focus in low income settings.

Indexed as

Social EnvironmentAdultBreast FeedingCost-Benefit AnalysisFemaleHealth PromotionHumansInfantSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID24427264
PMCPMC3888383

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.