Trial reportBritish journal of cancer2014
S0941: a phase 2 SWOG study of sorafenib and erlotinib in patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma.
Trial report in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inefficiencies and Patient Burdens in the Development of the Targeted Cancer Drug Sorafenib: A Systematic Review.PLoS biology · 2017Pooled it
- Genomics of gallbladder cancer: the case for biomarker-driven clinical trial design.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Expanding Horizons in Cholangiocarcinoma: Emerging Targets Beyond FGFR2 and IDH1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Targeted therapies and immunotherapies for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patient with epidermal growth factor receptor exon 19 deletion unresponsive to Afatinib monotherapy: a case report.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Integration of circulating tumor DNA in biliary tract cancer: the emerging landscape.Hepatic oncology · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Outcome of Multidisciplinary Treatment in Unresectable Biliary Tract Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.World journal of oncology · 2024Article
- Current and Future Therapeutic Targets for Directed Molecular Therapies in Cholangiocarcinoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Combination Therapies for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2023Review
- Article
- Review
- Suppressing of Src-Hic-5-JNK-AKT Signaling Reduced GAPDH Expression for Preventing the Progression of HuCCT1 Cholangiocarcinoma.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Review
- Targeted Therapies for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- Lapatinib Suppresses HER2-Overexpressed Cholangiocarcinoma and Overcomes ABCB1- Mediated Gemcitabine Chemoresistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Review
- Plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein promotes angiogenesis in cholangiocarcinoma via the DKK1/CKAP4/PI3K signaling pathway.Oncogene · 2021Article
- Novel Pharmacological Options in the Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma: Mechanisms of Resistance.Cancers · 2021Review
- Cell of origin in biliary tract cancers and clinical implications.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGallbladder cancers and cholangiocarcinomas make up a heterogenous group of tumours with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. On the basis of evidence of dysregulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in biliary cancers, we performed a phase 2 trial of sorafenib and erlotinib in patients with advanced biliary cancers.
methodsEligible patients were previously untreated in the advanced setting with adequate hepatic and bone marrow function. Sorafenib and erlotinib were administered continuously at 400 mg BID and 100 mg daily, respectively.
resultsThirty-four eligible patients were recruited. The study was terminated after the first stage of accrual owing to failure to meet the predetermined number of patients who were alive and progression free at 4 months. There were two unconfirmed partial responses (6%, 95% CI: 1-20%), with a median progression-free survival of 2 months (95% CI: 2-3), and median overall survival of 6 months (95% CI: 3-8 months). Grade 3 and 4 adverse events included hypertension, AST/ALT increase, bilirubin increase, diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, hypophosphatemia and rash.
conclusionsDespite compelling preclinical rationale, the combination of sorafenib and erlotinib does not have promising clinical activity in an unselected population of patients with biliary cancers. Improved patient selection based on tumour biology and molecular markers is critical for future evaluation of targeted therapies in this disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.