Trial reportBMC musculoskeletal disorders2014
Treatment compliance and effectiveness of a cognitive behavioural intervention for low back pain: a complier average causal effect approach to the BeST data set.
Trial report in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do recommended interventions widen or narrow inequalities in musculoskeletal health? An equity-focussed systematic review of differential effectiveness.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Primary Care Interventions Using a Biopsychosocial Approach in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain · 2019Pooled it
- Supporting self-management with an internet intervention for low back pain in primary care: a RCT (SupportBack 2).Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Progressive exercise compared with best-practice advice, with or without corticosteroid injection, for rotator cuff disorders: the GRASP factorial RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2021Trial
- Using mixed methods evaluation to assess the feasibility of online clinical training in evidence based interventions: a case study of cognitive behavioural treatment for low back pain.BMC medical education · 2016Trial
- Estimating the causal effect of milk powder supplementation on bone mineral density: a randomized controlled trial with both non-compliance and loss to follow-up.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2015Trial
- Surgery versus nonsurgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized trial.Annals of internal medicine · 2015Trial
- Racial and ethnic differences in treatment outcomes among adults with stimulant use disorders after a dosed exercise intervention.Journal of ethnicity in substance abuseTrial
- Assessing the properties of patient-specific treatment effect estimates from causal forest algorithms under essential heterogeneity.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Randomised controlled trial of analgesia for the management of acute severe pain from traumatic injury: study protocol for the paramedic analgesia comparing ketamine and morphine in trauma (PACKMaN).Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Statistically Adjusting for Wear Time in Randomized Trials of Continuous Glucose Monitors as a Complement to Intent-to-Treat and As-Treated Analyses: Application and Evaluation in Two Trials.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Article
- A Complier Average Causal Effect Analysis of the Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dosed Exercise Study.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGroup cognitive behavioural intervention (CBI) is effective in reducing low-back pain and disability in comparison to advice in primary care. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the impact of compliance on estimates of treatment effect and to identify factors associated with compliance.
methodsIn this multicentre trial, 701 adults with troublesome sub-acute or chronic low-back pain were recruited from 56 general practices. Participants were randomised to advice (control n = 233) or advice plus CBI (n = 468). Compliance was specified a priori as attending a minimum of three group sessions and the individual assessment. We estimated the complier average causal effect (CACE) of treatment.
resultsComparison of the CACE estimate of the mean treatment difference to the intention-to-treat (ITT) estimate at 12 months showed a greater benefit of CBI amongst participants compliant with treatment on the Roland Morris Questionnaire (CACE: 1.6 points, 95% CI 0.51 to 2.74; ITT: 1.3 points, 95% CI 0.55 to 2.07), the Modified Von Korff disability score (CACE: 12.1 points, 95% CI 6.07 to 18.17; ITT: 8.6 points, 95% CI 4.58 to 12.64) and the Modified von Korff pain score (CACE: 10.4 points, 95% CI 4.64 to 16.10; ITT: 7.0 points, 95% CI 3.26 to 10.74). People who were non-compliant were younger and had higher pain scores at randomisation.
conclusionsTreatment compliance is important in the effectiveness of group CBI. Younger people and those with more pain are at greater risk of non-compliance.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN54717854.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.