ArticleBiology of sex differences2014
Sex-biased chromatin and regulatory cross-talk between sex chromosomes, autosomes, and mitochondria.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- LPS stimulation reveals male and female dimorphism in human iPSC-derived macrophages.iScience · 2026Article
- Redesigning medicine: integrating sex and gender for better health outcomes.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Lack of detectable sex differences in the mitochondrial function of Caenorhabditis elegans.BMC ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- A Cross-Species Neuroimaging Study of Sex Chromosome Dosage Effects on Human and Mouse Brain Anatomy.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- From mitochondria to sarcopenia: role of 17β-estradiol and testosterone.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Evolution and dosage compensation of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) mediated by mobile elements in turtles with female (ZZ/ZW) but not with male (XX/XY) heterogamety.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2022Article
- Article
- Relevance of sex-differenced analyses in bioenergetics and nutritional studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Spinal muscular atrophy: Broad disease spectrum and sex-specific phenotypes.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2021Review
- Sexual Dimorphism of the Heart: Genetics, Epigenetics, and Development.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
- Sexual differentiation of brain and other tissues: Five questions for the next 50 years.Hormones and behavior · 2020Review
- The Role of Genetic Sex and Mitochondria in Response to COVID-19 Infection.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2020Review
- Sexual conflict through mother's curse and father's curse.Theoretical population biology · 2019Article
- Sex differences in pediatric traumatic brain injury.Experimental neurology · 2019Review
- Gene-by-Sex Interactions in Mitochondrial Functions and Cardio-Metabolic Traits.Cell metabolism · 2019Article
- Sex influences DNA methylation and gene expression in human skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes.Stem cell research & therapy · 2019Article
- Rethinking sex determination of non-gonadal tissues.Current topics in developmental biology · 2019Review
- Sex differences and the neurobiology of affective disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Review
- Sex-specific adaptation and genomic responses to Y chromosome presence in female reproductive and neural tissues.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
- A father effect explains sex-ratio bias.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Several autoimmune and neurological diseases exhibit a sex bias, but discerning the causes and mechanisms of these biases has been challenging. Sex differences begin to manifest themselves in early embryonic development, and gonadal differentiation further bifurcates the male and female phenotypes. Even at this early stage, however, there is evidence that males and females respond to environmental stimuli differently, and the divergent phenotypic responses may have consequences later in life. The effect of prenatal nutrient restriction illustrates this point, as adult women exposed to prenatal restrictions exhibited increased risk factors of cardiovascular disease, while men exposed to the same condition did not. Recent research has examined the roles of sex-specific genes, hormones, chromosomes, and the interactions among them in mediating sex-biased phenotypes. Such research has identified testosterone, for example, as a possible protective agent against autoimmune disorders and an XX chromosome complement as a susceptibility factor in murine models of lupus and multiple sclerosis. Sex-biased chromatin is an additional and likely important component. Research suggesting a role for X and Y chromosome heterochromatin in regulating epigenetic states of autosomes has highlighted unorthodox mechanisms of gene regulation. The crosstalk between the Y chromosomes and autosomes may be further mediated by the mitochondria. The organelles have solely maternal transmission and exert differential effects on males and females. Altogether, research supports the notion that the interaction between sex-biased elements might exert novel regulatory functions in the genome and contribute to sex-specific susceptibilities to autoimmune and neurological diseases.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.