ArticlePharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior2013
Nicotine enhances operant responding for qualitatively distinct reinforcers under maintenance and extinction conditions.
Article in Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Possible New Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal II: Anhedonia-A Systematic Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Pooled it
- Acute Effects of Nicotine on Non-Drug-Related Reward in Smokers and Non-Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- The rodent electronic nicotine delivery system: Apparatus for voluntary nose-only e-cigarette aerosol inhalation.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2025Article
- Inactivation of phosphodiesterase-4B gene in rat nucleus accumbens shell by CRISPR/Cas9 or positive allosteric modulation of the protein affects the motivation to chronically self-administer nicotine.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The co-use of nicotine and prescription psychostimulants: A review of their behavioral and neuropharmacological interactions.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Review
- Elucidating the reinforcing effects of nicotine: a tribute to Nadia Chaudhri.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Reinforcement enhancement by nicotine: A novel abuse-liability assessment of e-cigarettes in young adults.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Acute nicotine treatment enhances compulsive-like remifentanil self-administration that persists despite contextual punishment.Addiction biology · 2022Article
- Conditioned enhancement of the nicotine reinforcer.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Flavor additives facilitate oral self-administration of nicotine solution in mice.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Reward-enhancing effects of d-amphetamine and its interactions with nicotine were greater in female rats and persisted across schedules of reinforcement.Behavioural pharmacology · 2021Article
- History repeats itself: Role of characterizing flavors on nicotine use and abuse.Neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Sex Differences in the Reward-Enhancing Effects of Nicotine on Ethanol Reinforcement: A Reinforcer Demand Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Nicotine Self-Administration With Tobacco Flavor Additives in Male Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Adolescent and adult nicotine exposure differentially impacts oral nicotine and oral saccharin self-administration in mice.Behavioural brain research · 2019Article
- A behavioral economic analysis of the value-enhancing effects of nicotine and varenicline and the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in male and female rats.Behavioural pharmacology · 2018Article
- Enhancement of a visual reinforcer by D-amphetamine and nicotine in adult rats: relation to habituation and food restriction.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Reinforcement enhancement by nicotine in adult rats: behavioral selectivity and relation to mode of delivery and blood nicotine levels.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Suppressive and enhancing effects of nicotine on food-seeking behavior.Behavioural brain research · 2018Article
- Sex differences and the role of dopamine receptors in the reward-enhancing effects of nicotine and bupropion.Psychopharmacology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleNicotine enhancement of reward has been implicated as an important contributor to tobacco addiction. Despite the attention that reward enhancement has received, the behavioral mechanisms whereby nicotine enhances operant responding remain largely unknown. The present study sought to extend previous work by evaluating the effects of nicotine on responding for two qualitatively different rewards (visual stimulation (VS) and 4% sucrose solution) under fixed-ratio (FR) maintenance and extinction conditions.
methodSprague–Dawley rats were trained to press an active lever for VS (Experiment 1) or 4% sucrose solution (Experiment 2) and evaluated over 15 sessions on a FR5 schedule of reinforcement. Nicotine (0.4 mg base/kg, SC) or saline were administered 5 min before each session; the alternate solution was given in the home cage after the session. The effects of nicotine on extinction responding were then assessed over 5 sessions and rats were divided into 4 groups based on drug of injection received during FR-maintenance and extinction phases (maintenance–extinction): Nic–Nic, Nic–Sal, Sal–Sal, and Sal–Nic.
resultsNicotine increased active lever response rates for both VS and 4% sucrose under FR5 maintenance conditions. Nicotine also increased response rates in the Nic–Nic group relative to all other groups under extinction conditions in both experiments, though this effect had greater longevity following VS maintenance conditions than sucrose. Enhancement of responding during extinction does not appear dependent upon locomotor activation by nicotine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24422211PMC3898615What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.