ArticleInfection and immunity2014
Gut adhesive Bacillus subtilis spores as a platform for mucosal delivery of antigens.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05164692 (Application of LiveSpo Navax in Treatment of Acute Respiratory Disease in Children Infected With Respiratory Syncytial Virus), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Application of LiveSpo Navax in Treatment of Acute Respiratory Disease in Children Infected With Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut-Centric Multi-System Regulation byNutrients · 2026Review
- Advanced adhesion and targeting strategies to prolong gut residence time and improve eLBP efficacy in colonic diseases.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Oral administration of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Staphylococcus aureus IsdB induces mucosal immune responses in mice.Biotechnology letters · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity of RSV Fusion Protein Adsorbed to Non-PathogenicBiomedicines · 2025Article
- The Secondary Metabolites of Bacillus subtilis Strain Z15 Induce Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Creating a Vaccine-like Supplement against Respiratory Infection Using RecombinantMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- TonB-Dependent Receptor Protein Displayed on Spores ofVaccines · 2023Article
- Interspecies interaction reduces selection for antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Bacillus Species as Direct-Fed Microbial Antibiotic Alternatives for Monogastric Production.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2023Review
- Attempts to limit sporulation in the probiotic strainAccess microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Discrimination ofJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Mechanisms and Applications of Bacterial Sporulation and Germination in the Intestine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Facing the challenges of multidrug-resistantHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Bacillus subtilis revives conventional antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis.Microbial cell factories · 2021Article
- The storage stability of Bacillus subtilis spore displaying cysteine protease of Clonorchis sinensis and its effect on improving the gut microbiota of mice.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Germination-ArrestGenes · 2020Article
- Nasal Immunization with the C-Terminal Domain of Bcla3 Induced Specific IgG Production and Attenuated Disease Symptoms in Mice Infected withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Progress in research and application development of surface display technology using Bacillus subtilis spores.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis spores have been used as safe and heat-resistant antigen delivery vectors. Nonetheless, the oral administration of spores typically induces weak immune responses to the passenger antigens, which may be attributed to the fast transit through the gastrointestinal tract. To overcome this limitation, we have developed B. subtilis spores capable of binding to the gut epithelium by means of expressing bacterial adhesins on the spore surface. The resulting spores bound to in vitro intestinal cells, showed a longer transit through the mouse intestinal tract, and interacted with Peyer's patch cells. The adhesive spores increased the systemic and secreted antibody responses to the Streptococcus mutans P1 protein, used as a model antigen, following oral, intranasal, and sublingual administration. Additionally, P1-specific antibodies efficiently inhibited the adhesion of the oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans to abiotic surfaces. These results support the use of gut-colonizing B. subtilis spores as a new platform for the mucosal delivery of vaccine antigens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.