ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2014
Photosensitivity, apoptosis, and cytokines in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus: a critical review.
Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modern Therapies for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Microarray Gene Expression Analysis of Lesional Skin in Canine Vesicular Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (VCLE).Veterinary dermatology · 2026Article
- From Genes to Pathways: The Molecular Landscape of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Spatial characterization of skin lesions in discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Keratinocytes: pleiotropic orchestrators of cutaneous immunity and Inflammation - Emerging therapeutic paradigms in dermatological pathologies.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- A MIF-p38-GSDMD inflammatory loop in keratinocytes underlies UVB-induced cutaneous lupus.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Active Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Fars Province, Iran: Associations With Geographical and Meteorological Determinants-A Retrospective Cross‑Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Association between sunlight exposure and risk of rheumatic diseases: a prospective cohort study in the UK.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- [Lupus erythematosus].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Review
- Fluorescent probes in autoimmune disease research: current status and future prospects.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Crosstalk Between Keratinocytes and T Cells in Ulcerative Oral Mucosal Diseases: Mechanisms of Epithelial Dysfunction and Therapeutic Perspectives.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Are Tattoos Safe in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? Results From a Single-Center Study.Dermatology practical & conceptual · 2024Article
- Skin Aging and the Upcoming Role of Ferroptosis in Geroscience.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Nano-based formulations of thymoquinone are new approaches for psoriasis treatment: a literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on Pathogenesis and Future Therapeutic Directions.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2023Review
- New concepts on abnormal UV reactions in systemic lupus erythematosus and a screening tool for assessment of photosensitivity.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2023Article
- SOCS-JAK-STAT inhibitors and SOCS mimetics as treatment options for autoimmune uveitis, psoriasis, lupus, and autoimmune encephalitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of inflammation in autoimmune disease: a therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Serum antinuclear autoantibodies are associated with measures of oxidative stress and lifestyle factors: analysis of LIPIDOGRAM2015 and LIPIDOGEN2015 studies.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The underlying pathomechanisms of lupus erythematosus (LE), a multifactorial autoimmune disease, remain elusive. Due to the clinical evidence demonstrating a clear relationship between ultraviolet (UV) light exposure and skin lesions of LE, photosensitivity has been proven to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease. Standardised photoprovocation with UVA and UVB irradiation has been shown to be a reliable model for evaluating photosensitivity in patients with cutaneous LE (CLE) and analysing the underlying medical conditions of the disease. In this respect, UV irradiation can cause aberrant induction of apoptosis in keratinocytes and contribute to the appearance of excessive apoptotic cells in the skin of CLE patients. Moreover, apoptotic cells that cannot be cleared by phagocytes may undergo secondary necrosis and release proinflammatory compounds and potential autoantigens, which may contribute to the inflammatory micromilieu that leads to formation of skin lesions in the disease. In addition to UV-mediated induction of apoptosis, the molecular and cellular factors that may cause the abnormal long-lasting photoreactivity in CLE include mediators of inflammation, such as cytokines and chemokines. In particular, interferons (IFNs) are important players in the early activation of the immune system and have a specific role in the immunological interface between the innate and the adaptive immune system. The fact that treatment with recombinant type I IFNs (α and β) can induce not only systemic organ manifestations but also LE-like skin lesions provides additional evidence for a pathogenetic role of these IFNs in the disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.