ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2014
Paradigm shifts in thyroid hormone replacement therapies for hypothyroidism.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines on the Management of Differentiated Thyroid Cancers, Part II: Follow-up Surveillance after Initial Treatment 2026.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Guideline
- Genome-wide analyses identify a role for SLC17A4 and AADAT in thyroid hormone regulation.Nature communications · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Guidelines for the treatment of hypothyroidism: prepared by the american thyroid association task force on thyroid hormone replacement.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2014Guideline
- Evaluation of the clinical pharmacist's effect on achieving treatment goals in patients with hypothyroidism: a randomized controlled trial.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Trial
- Treatment of hypothyroidism with levothyroxine plus liothyronine: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study.Archives of endocrinology and metabolismTrial
- A Risk Scoring System Integrating Clinical and Ultrasonographic Parameters for Predicting Hypothyroidism After Hemithyroidectomy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychiatric morbidity following liothyronine exposure in autoimmune hypothyroidism: a Swedish nationwide cohort study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Hypothalamic control of heart rate and body temperature by thyroid hormones.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- The Influence of Health Literacy on the Control of Hypothyroidism in Patients Under Levothyroxine Treatment.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Article
- Influence of Preexisting Psychiatric Morbidity on Liothyronine Use in Hypothyroidism: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Ketogenic Diet and Thyroid Function: A Delicate Metabolic Balancing Act.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Personalized Approaches to Hypothyroidism: The Role of Triiodothyronine (T3) in Thyroid Hormone Replacement.Cureus · 2025Review
- Usefulness of SPINA model in evaluation of the thyroid function in euthyroid pediatric patients children with subclinical hypothyroidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- TSH Concentration by Itself Does not Reflect Successful Treatment.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2024Article
- Mild exercise plus levothyroxine ameliorate deficits of spatial navigation, anxiety profile, and hippocampal BDNF in hypothyroid male offspring rats.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Impaired autonomic function and somatosensory disturbance in patients with treated autoimmune thyroiditis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Treatment of Hypothyroidism and Stress Using Neuro-Emotional Technique (NET): A Case Study.Cureus · 2024Article
- Quality of life, daily functioning, and symptoms in hypothyroid patients on thyroid replacement therapy: A Dutch survey.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2024Article
- Regeneration of Thyroid Glands in the Spleen Restores Homeostasis in Thyroidectomy Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Impaired psychological well-being, depression or anxiety are observed in 5-10% of hypothyroid patients receiving levothyroxine, despite normal TSH levels. Such complaints might hypothetically be related to increased free T₄ and decreased free T₃ serum concentrations, which result in the abnormally low free T₄:free T₃ ratios observed in 30% of patients on levothyroxine. Evidence is mounting that levothyroxine monotherapy cannot assure a euthyroid state in all tissues simultaneously, and that normal serum TSH levels in patients receiving levothyroxine reflect pituitary euthyroidism alone. Levothyroxine plus liothyronine combination therapy is gaining in popularity; although the evidence suggests it is generally not superior to levothyroxine monotherapy, in some of the 14 published trials this combination was definitely preferred by patients and associated with improved metabolic profiles. Disappointing results with combination therapy could be related to use of inappropriate levothyroxine and liothyronine doses, resulting in abnormal serum free T₄:free T₃ ratios. Alternatively, its potential benefit might be confined to patients with specific genetic polymorphisms in thyroid hormone transporters and deiodinases that affect the intracellular levels of T₃ available for binding to T₃ receptors. Levothyroxine monotherapy remains the standard treatment for hypothyroidism. However, in selected patients, new guidelines suggest that experimental combination therapy might be considered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.