ArticleEpigenetics2014
Fundamental diversity of human CpG islands at multiple biological levels.
Article in Epigenetics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human brain aging is associated with dysregulation of cell type epigenetic identity.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Beyond the "Dominant" and "Recessive" Patterns of Inheritance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Human Brain Aging is Associated with Dysregulation of Cell-Type Epigenetic Identity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- DNA methylation differences between the female and male X chromosomes in human brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Epigenetic Control of Innate Immunity: Consequences of Acute Respiratory Virus Infection.Viruses · 2024Review
- Gene body methylation in cancer: molecular mechanisms and clinical applications.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Review
- The potential of DNA methylation as a biomarker for obesity and smoking.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Article
- Epigenetics of Drug Addiction.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Neuronal Expression of Opioid Gene is Controlled by Dual Epigenetic and Transcriptional Mechanism in Human Brain.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2018Article
- Insights into Epigenome Evolution from Animal and Plant Methylomes.Genome biology and evolution · 2017Article
- DNA methylation of intragenic CpG islands depends on their transcriptional activity during differentiation and disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Body-hypomethylated human genes harbor extensive intragenic transcriptional activity and are prone to cancer-associated dysregulation.Nucleic acids research · 2017Article
- Epigenetic dysfunctional diseases and therapy for infection and inflammation.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2017Review
- Comparative Methylome Analyses Identify Epigenetic Regulatory Loci of Human Brain Evolution.Molecular biology and evolution · 2016Article
- Evolutionary Transition of Promoter and Gene Body DNA Methylation across Invertebrate-Vertebrate Boundary.Molecular biology and evolution · 2016Article
- From Genetics to Epigenetics: New Perspectives in Tourette Syndrome Research.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2016Review
- Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing maps from multiple human tissues reveal novel CpG islands associated with tissue-specific regulation.Human molecular genetics · 2016Article
- Impacts of Chromatin States and Long-Range Genomic Segments on Aging and DNA Methylation.PloS one · 2015Article
- Integrated analysis of epigenomic and genomic changes by DNA methylation dependent mechanisms provides potential novel biomarkers for prostate cancer.Oncotarget · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CpG islands (CGIs) are commonly used as genomic markers to study the patterns and regulatory consequences of DNA methylation. Interestingly, recent studies reveal a substantial diversity among CGIs: long and short CGIs, for example, exhibit contrasting patterns of gene expression complexity and nucleosome occupancy. Evolutionary origins of CGIs are also highly heterogeneous. In order to systematically evaluate potential diversities among CGIs and ultimately to illuminate the link between diversity of CGIs and their epigenetic variation, we analyzed the nucleotide-resolution DNA methylation maps (methylomes) of multiple cellular origins. We discover novel 'clusters' of CGIs according to their patterns of DNA methylation; the stably hypomethylated CGI cluster (cluster I), sperm-hypomethylated CGI cluster (cluster II), and variably methylated CGI cluster (cluster III). These epigenomic CGI clusters are strikingly distinct at multiple biological features including genomic, evolutionary, and functional characteristics. At the genomic level, the stably hypomethylated CGI cluster tends to be longer and harbors many more CpG dinucleotides than those in other clusters. They are also frequently associated with promoters, while CGI clusters II and III mostly reside in intragenic or intergenic regions and exhibit highly tissue-specific DNA methylation. Functional ontology terms and transcriptional profiles co-vary with CGI clusters, indicating that the regulatory functions of CGIs are tightly linked to their heterogeneity. Finally, CGIs associated with distinctive biological processes, such as diseases, aging, and imprinting, occur disproportionately across CGI clusters. These new findings provide an effective means to combine existing knowledge on CGIs into a genomic context while bringing new insights that elucidate the significance of DNA methylation across different biological conditions and demography.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.