ArticlePloS one2014
The influence of sex steroids on structural brain maturation in adolescence.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early-life and pubertal stress differentially modulate grey matter development in human adolescents.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Testosterone reduces functional connectivity during the 'Reading the Mind in the Eyes' Test.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2016Trial
- Brain anatomy in major hormonal transition phases: Longitudinal and cross-sectional volume associations with menarche and menopause.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Testosterone modulates multispectral oscillatory activity serving performance of motor sequences in typically developing youth.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Pubertal Hormones and the Early Adolescent Female Brain: A Multimodality Brain MRI Study.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- The Cass Review and Gender-Related Care for Young People in Canada: A Commentary on the Canadian Paediatric Society Position Statement on Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Sex differences in maturational timing of amygdala and prefrontal cortex volumes and white matter tract microstructure.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Hormonal contraceptives during adolescence impact the female brain and behavior in a rat model.Hormones and behavior · 2025Article
- Estrogen and alcohol use in women: a targeted literature review.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Review
- Neuroanatomical alterations in young boys and adolescents with Klinefelter syndrome.Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Developmental shifts in testosterone levels are associated with alterations in the neural oscillatory dynamics serving selective attention.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Chronological age and biological maturity are separately positively associated with inhibitory control and working memory in boys and girls.Frontiers in cognition · 2025Article
- Disentangling the unique contributions of age, pubertal stage, and pubertal hormones to brain structure in childhood and adolescence.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
- Beyond Birth Control: The Neuroscience of Hormonal Contraceptives.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Review
- Effects of endogenous testosterone on oscillatory activity during verbal working memory in youth.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Menarche, pubertal timing and the brain: female-specific patterns of brain maturation beyond age-related development.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Executive Dysfunction in Klinefelter Syndrome: Associations With Brain Activation and Testicular Failure.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Developmental changes in endogenous testosterone have sexually-dimorphic effects on spontaneous cortical dynamics.Human brain mapping · 2023Article
- Biobehavioral mechanisms underlying testosterone and mood relationships in peripubertal female adolescents.Development and psychopathology · 2023Article
- Puberty differentially predicts brain maturation in male and female youth: A longitudinal ABCD Study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2023Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Puberty reflects a period of hormonal changes, physical maturation and structural brain reorganization. However, little attention has been paid to what extent sex steroids and pituitary hormones are associated with the refinement of brain maturation across adolescent development. Here we used high-resolution structural MRI scans from 215 typically developing individuals between ages 8-25, to examine the association between cortical thickness, surface area and (sub)cortical brain volumes with luteinizing hormone, testosterone and estradiol, and pubertal stage based on self-reports. Our results indicate sex-specific differences in testosterone related influences on gray matter volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex after controlling for age effects. No significant associations between subcortical structures and sex hormones were found. Pubertal stage was not a stronger predictor than chronological age for brain anatomical differences. Our findings indicate that sex steroids are associated with cerebral gray matter morphology in a sex specific manner. These hormonal and morphological differences may explain in part differences in brain development between boys and girls.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.