ArticleAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)2014
Distribution of immune cells in the human cervix and implications for HIV transmission.
Article in American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Injectable Contraceptives Differentially Affect Select CD4+ HIV-1 Target Cells in the Genital Tract but Not Systemically: Implications for HIV-1 Acquisition.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Trial
- Mucosal immunity: mechanism and application in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Menstruation is Associated With Cyclical Granulysin Peaks in Vaginal Secretions Despite Stable Expression by Cervicovaginal Immune Cells.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Paracrine signals from HIV-1-infected immune cells reprogram cervical cancer pathways.iScience · 2026Article
- Innate Immune Protection Against HIV in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Pharmacological evaluation of an ex vivo cervicovaginal HIV prevention model.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Enumeration, Phenotyping, and Clinical Associations of Tissue-Resident T Cells in the Ecto- and Endocervix of Women Attending a Colposcopy Clinic.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Impact ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Bacterial Vaginosis Is Associated With Transcriptomic Changes but Not Higher Concentrations of Cervical Leukocytes in a Study of Women at High Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
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- Immunity to Sexually Transmitted Bacterial Infections of the Female Genital Tract: Toward Effective Vaccines.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles from vaginal Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus mulieris contain distinct proteomic cargo and induce inflammatory pathways.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing of cervical exfoliated cells reveals potential biomarkers and cellular pathogenesis in cervical carcinogenesis.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- A Noninvasive Method to Sample Immune Cells in the Lower Female Genital Tract Using Menstrual Discs.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Spatial transcriptomics andFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Role of the epithelium in human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus infections in the female genital tract.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024Review
- Human genital dendritic cell heterogeneity confers differential rapid response to HIV-1 exposure.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- TIME Is Ticking for Cervical Cancer.Biology · 2023Review
- The Role of Hydrogen-Peroxide (HAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
problemKnowledge of the mucosal immune cell composition of the human female genital tract is important for understanding susceptibility to HIV-1. METHOD OF STUDY: We developed an optimized procedure for multicolor flow cytometry analysis of immune cells from human cervix to characterize all major immune cell subsets in the endocervix and ectocervix.
resultsHalf of tissue hematopoietic cells were CD14(+) , many of which were macrophages and about a third were CD11c(+) , most of which were CD103(-) CD11b(+) CX3CR1(+) DC-SIGN(+) dendritic cells (DCs). The other dominant population were T cells, with more CD8 than CD4 cells. T cells (both CD8 and CD4) and B cells were more abundant in the ectocervix than endocervix of pre-menopausal women; however, CD8(+) T cell and B cell numbers declined in the ectocervix after menopause, while CD4 T cell counts remained higher. B, NK and conventional myeloid and plasmocytoid DCs each were a few percent of tissue hematopoietic cells. Although the ectocervix had more HIV-susceptible CD4(+) T cells, polarized endocervical explants supported HIV replication significantly better.
conclusionDue to their abundance in the genital tract, CX3CR1(+) DC-SIGN(+) DCs might be important in HIV transmission. Our data also suggest that the columnar epithelium of the upper genital tract might be a preferential site for HIV transmission.
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Registered trials
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