ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2013
Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of ammonia in chronic liver disease.Hepatology communications · 2026Review
- Supportive Management of Severe Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen Overdose Twenty-Four Hours After Ingestion in Limited Resources Settings.Journal of medical cases · 2026Article
- Continuous renal replacement therapy in acute liver failure.World journal of critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Utility of transcranial Doppler and reversed jugular venous saturations for neuromonitoring in children with acute liver failure.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Elevated body mass index as a prognostic marker in acute liver failure: Implications from a two-decade cohort.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Oedematic-atrophic astrocytes in hepatic encephalopathy.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- The New Phytocomplex AL0042 Extracted from Red Orange By-Products Inhibits the Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Mice Induced by Thioacetamide.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Association between liver fibrosis's noninvasive scores and retinal imaging changes: insights from NHANES.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Brain health: A concern for anaesthesiologists and intensivists.European journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care · 2024Review
- First Application of a Mixed Porcine-Human Repopulated Bioengineered Liver in a Preclinical Model of Post-Resection Liver Failure.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial Changes in Rat Brain Endothelial Cells Associated with Hepatic Encephalopathy: Relation to the Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction.Neurochemical research · 2024Review
- Comprehensive analysis of brain injury parameters in a preclinical porcine model of acute liver failure.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Hyperosmolarity in children with hyperammonemia: a risk of brain herniation at the start of renal replacement therapy.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- A glimpse into multimodal neuromonitoring in acute liver failure: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- An overview of unresolved issues in the perioperative management of liver transplant patients.Korean journal of transplantation · 2023Review
- Hepatic Arterioportal Fistula Following Liver Trauma: Case Series and Review of the Literature.Vascular and endovascular surgery · 2023Review
- Three-dimensional human neural culture on a chip recapitulating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.Nature protocols · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiota and Neuroinflammation in Acute Liver Failure and Chronic Liver Disease.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Intracranial pressure monitoring in the perioperative period of patients with acute liver failure undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.World journal of transplantation · 2023Review
- Prognostic Scores in Acute Liver Failure Due to Viral Hepatitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure (ALF) and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and death. In ALF, some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to life-threatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described, complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical care. The rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis, delirium, seizures and coma. Cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic mechanism. Astrocyte swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain oedema. The mechanism(s) by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte hypothesis. Current evidence also supports an alternate 'Trojan horse' hypothesis, with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria, where its accumulation results in oxidative stress, energy failure and ultimately astrocyte swelling. Although a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF, increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight junctions. At present, there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.