Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24408959›Full record

ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2015

Analysis of synaptic gene expression in the neocortex of primates reveals evolutionary changes in glutamatergic neurotransmission.

Gerard Muntané, Julie E Horvath, Patrick R Hof, John J Ely, William D Hopkins, Mary Ann Raghanti, Albert H Lewandowski, Gregory A Wray, Chet C Sherwood

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Human-specific gene expansions contribute to brain evolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Evolution of Glutamate Metabolism viaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Gerard MuntanéDepartment of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Julie E HorvathDepartment of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27707, USA North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Nature Research Center, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA Department of Biology, NC Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA.
Patrick R HofFishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 New York Consortium for Primate Evolution, New York, NY 10024, USA.
John J ElyAlamogordo Primate Facility, Holloman Air Force Base, NM 88330, USA.
William D HopkinsNeuroscience Institute and Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
Mary Ann RaghantiDepartment of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
Albert H LewandowskiCleveland Metroparks Zoo, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
Gregory A WrayDepartment of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27707, USA Biology Department, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Chet C SherwoodDepartment of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
George Washington University · USCleveland Metroparks Zoo · USDuke University · USGeorgia State University · USHolloman Air Force Base · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USKent State University · USNorth Carolina Central University · US

Funding

Yerkes National Primate Research Center Role of type-I IFN in regulating COVID-19 induced inflammation and pathogenesisP51OD011132 · OD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Joon Sup Lee · 2012 to 2026
$167.0M
The Southwest National Primate Research Center Supplement- Infrastructure improvements of ABSL2 holding areasP51OD011133 · OD · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Larry S. Schlesinger · 2012 to 2026
$129.7M
Hemispheric Specialization and CommunicationR01NS042867 · NINDS · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI HOPKINS, WILLIAM D · 2002 to 2015
$3.3M
Heritability of Neuroanatomical Asymmetries in PrimatesR01NS073134 · NINDS · GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI HOPKINS, WILLIAM D · 2011 to 2014
$1.2M
NIH HHS P51 OD011132NIH HHS P51 OD011133NINDS NIH HHS NS-042867NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS042867NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS073134
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increased relative brain size characterizes the evolution of primates, suggesting that enhanced cognition plays an important part in the behavioral adaptations of this mammalian order. In addition to changes in brain anatomy, cognition can also be regulated by molecular changes that alter synaptic function, but little is known about modifications of synapses in primate brain evolution. The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression patterns and evolution of 20 synaptic genes from the prefrontal cortex of 12 primate species. The genes investigated included glutamate receptors, scaffolding proteins, synaptic vesicle components, as well as factors involved in synaptic vesicle release and structural components of the nervous system. Our analyses revealed that there have been significant changes during primate brain evolution in the components of the glutamatergic signaling pathway in terms of gene expression, protein expression, and promoter sequence changes. These results could entail functional modifications in the regulation of specific genes related to processes underlying learning and memory.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionGene ExpressionAnimalsDatabases, BibliographicFemaleHumansMaleMembrane ProteinsNeocortexNerve Tissue ProteinsPhylogenyPrimatesPrincipal Component AnalysisPromoter Regions, GeneticReceptors, GlutamateRNA, MessengerMembrane ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors, GlutamateRNA, Messengerbrain evolutionglutamatergic neurotransmissionprefrontal cortexsynapse

Identifiers

PMID24408959
PMCPMC4428301
OpenAlexW2135534142

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.